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                <text>بكير بحاز, إبراهيم</text>
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                <text>ثابت, عبد العزيز</text>
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                <text>Chachoua-Harmim, El Yakout</text>
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                <text>Harmim, Arzezki</text>
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                <text>Mammeri, Abdelkrim</text>
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                <text>Yaïchi, Mohammed</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2014-01-01</text>
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                <text>2023-10-25</text>
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                <text>يختص هذا المقال أو يندرج ضمن الدراسات التفسيرية للنص القرآني ،ى و الذي تتعلق ببعض جزيئات التفسير و مناهج المفسرين و بشكل خاص في محور هو أوسع محاور القرآن الكريم و موضوع من أكبر مواضيعه الكبرى ألا و هو القصص القرآني</text>
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                <text>La vérification, par mesures expérimentales, de la faisabilité de la poursuite solaire discontinue à deux positions autour d’un axe vertical pour des panneaux solaires installés à Adrar fait l’objet de cet article. Les mesures effectuées sur site confirment la faisabilité de cette technique surtout pour les systèmes de pompage de petite et moyenne taille. Les mesures expérimentales ont montré que le gain énergétique est de l’ordre de 14 – 40 % en fonction du mois et de l’état du ciel. Ceci constitue une contribution au bon dimensionnement du système et à la réduction de son coût d’installation.</text>
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                <text>10.37138/jarh.v8i16.1591</text>
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                <text>ara</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121556">
                <text>كلية الآداب والحضارة الإسلامية - قسنطينة</text>
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                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
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                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/347/1501</text>
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                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260471">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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                <text>مجلة الآداب والعلوم الإنسانية ; مجلد 8 عدد 2 (2013): v8i162013; 11-31</text>
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                <text>Journal of Arts and Humanities; Vol. 8 No 2 (2013): v8i162013; 11-31</text>
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                <text>Journal of Arts and Humanities; Vol. 8 No. 2 (2013): v8i162013; 11-31</text>
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                <text>2588-2449</text>
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                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 15 No. 4 (2012): Volume 15 (Regular); 581 - 587</text>
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                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 15 No 4 (2012): Volume 15 (Regular); 581 - 587</text>
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                <text>2716-8247</text>
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                <text>10.54966/jreen.v15i4</text>
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                <text>القصة القرآنية - الشيخ ابن تيمية - قصة يوسف</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121566">
                <text>القصة القرآنية</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121567">
                <text>الشيخ ابن تيمية</text>
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                <text>قصة يةسف</text>
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                <text>Générateur PV</text>
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                <text>Poursuite solaire discontinue</text>
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                <text>Gain énergétique</text>
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                <text>vérification expérimentale</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>القصة القرآنية عند شيخ الإسلام ابن تيمية قصة يوسف أنموذجا -عرض ة تحليل -</text>
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                <text>Vérification expérimentale de la faisabilité de la poursuite solaire discontinue à deux positions pour panneaux PV à Adrar</text>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121527">
                <text>عمارة, علاوة</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121528">
                <text>بوحوش, مرجانة</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260431">
                <text>Tourta, Sabah</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260432">
                <text>Mokhnache, Ammar</text>
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                <text>Seghiri, Sara</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121529">
                <text>2015-09-01</text>
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                <text>2023-10-25</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>النصوص المقامية تتحكم في شعريتها جملة من العناصر و البنى الملزمة ، شأن ثنائية المنظون و المنثور ، و ثنائية الحكاية و الرواية</text>
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                <text>Le rayonnement solaire est atténué par les différents constituants atmosphériques, tels que les molécules, les aérosols, les gaz, les gouttelettes nuageuses ou les cristaux de glace. Les aérosols absorbent et diffusent le rayonnement, l’atténuation par diffusion est caractérisée par l’épaisseur optique des aérosols qui représentent le degré de turbidité de l’atmosphère. Cette turbidité peut être quantifié à l’aide du coefficient de trouble d’Ångstrom [1] ou du TL de Linke. La connaissance de est importante dans l’estimation du rayonnement solaire du sol à partir des images satellitaires. Le but de ce travail est l’étude de l’effet des aérosols sur l’estimation du coefficient de réflectance bidirectionnel sur le site de Tamanrasset, en utilisant les deux modèles: modèle spectral de Smarts2 et modèle analytique à bande large, pour les trois heures de prise d’images à pleine résolution, 9h00, 12h00, 15h00 temps universel, et pour des jours de ciel clair de l’année 1999. Les résultats d’observations et les calculs se concordent. Nous avons trouvé que pour les fortes valeurs de l’épaisseur optique des aérosols, on à un fort coefficient de réflectance bidirectionnelle</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121531">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jarh/article/view/1588</text>
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                <text>10.37138/jarh.v9i18.1588</text>
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                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/346</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260438">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v15i4.346</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121533">
                <text>ara</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260439">
                <text>eng</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121534">
                <text>كلية الآداب والحضارة الإسلامية - قسنطينة</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260440">
                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
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                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260442">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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                <text>مجلة الآداب والعلوم الإنسانية ; مجلد 9 عدد 2 (2014): v9i182014; 65-97</text>
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                <text>Journal of Arts and Humanities; Vol. 9 No 2 (2014): v9i182014; 65-97</text>
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                <text>Journal of Arts and Humanities; Vol. 9 No. 2 (2014): v9i182014; 65-97</text>
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                <text>2588-2449</text>
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                <text>10.37138/jarh.v9i18</text>
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                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 15 No. 4 (2012): Volume 15 (Regular); 571 - 579</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260445">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 15 No 4 (2012): Volume 15 (Regular); 571 - 579</text>
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                <text>10.54966/jreen.v15i4</text>
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                <text>الإحماض</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121544">
                <text>مقامات الحريري</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121545">
                <text>المفهوم و الوظيفة و الأداة</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260449">
                <text>Aérosols atmosphériques</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260450">
                <text>Atmosphère</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260451">
                <text>Rayonnement global</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260452">
                <text>Coefficient de réflectance</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260453">
                <text>Atténuation atmosphérique</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260454">
                <text>Gisement solaire</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260455">
                <text>Télédétection</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121546">
                <text>الإحماض في مقامات الحريري دراسة في المفهوم و الوظيفة و الأداة</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260456">
                <text>Etude de l’effet des aérosols sur l’estimation du coefficient de réflectance bidirectionnelle à l’aide de mesures satellitaires</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121506">
                <text>فيلالي, عبد العزيز فيلالي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121507">
                <text>بلخير, ليلي بالخير</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260406">
                <text>Harizi, Athmane</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260407">
                <text>Mahfoudi, El Ahcene</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260408">
                <text>Gahmousse, Abderrahmane</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121508">
                <text>2015-09-01</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260409">
                <text>2023-10-25</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121509">
                <text>إذا كانت الكتابة النسوية أرقى أشكال الإبداع الإنساني فماواقع المراة من حركة الإبداع الأدبي ؟ هل اتخذت المرأة من الكتابة و الإبداع مجالا للتحرر و إثبات الهوية ؟ ام انها كانت على وعي كامل بذاتها و كينونتها</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260410">
                <text>La simulation numérique des écoulements à travers les aubes de turbines à gaz dépend essentiellement de la prédiction correcte de la transition laminaire/turbulent de la couche limite qui se développe autour de ces aubes. Particulièrement, le coefficient d’échange de chaleur est grandement influencé par cette transition qui conditionne d’une manière directe le niveau des échanges de chaleur dans les canaux des turbines à gaz. Dans la présente étude, on s’intéresse à la modélisation de la transition de la couche limite qui se développe autour de l’aube LS-89, testée expérimentalement au VKI, en utilisant un modèle de turbulence à quatre équations, basé sur des corrélations empiriques et développé par Menter (2004) et Langtry (2006). Deux variantes de corrélations sont intégrées au code Fluent par l’utilisation de fonctions définies par l’utilisateur (UDF). Les résultats numériques obtenus sont comparés et validés par des résultats expérimentaux obtenus par Arts et al. (1990) [1], d’où on constate une bonne concordance des résultats particulièrement pour la détection du point de transition.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121510">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jarh/article/view/1581</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121511">
                <text>10.37138/jarh.v9i18.1581</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260412">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/345</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260413">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v15i4.345</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121512">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260414">
                <text>eng</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121513">
                <text>كلية الآداب والحضارة الإسلامية - قسنطينة</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260415">
                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
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          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121514">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jarh/article/view/1581/1097</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260416">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/345/1500</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121515">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260417">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260418">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121516">
                <text>مجلة الآداب والعلوم الإنسانية ; مجلد 9 عدد 2 (2014): v9i182014; 42-64</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121517">
                <text>Journal of Arts and Humanities; Vol. 9 No 2 (2014): v9i182014; 42-64</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121518">
                <text>Journal of Arts and Humanities; Vol. 9 No. 2 (2014): v9i182014; 42-64</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121519">
                <text>2588-2449</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121520">
                <text>1112-4628</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121521">
                <text>10.37138/jarh.v9i18</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260419">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 15 No. 4 (2012): Volume 15 (Regular); 561 - 570</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260420">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 15 No 4 (2012): Volume 15 (Regular); 561 - 570</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260421">
                <text>2716-8247</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260422">
                <text>1112-2242</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260423">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v15i4</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121522">
                <text>النقد العربي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121523">
                <text>الكتابة النسوية</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260424">
                <text>Simulation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260425">
                <text>Turbulence</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260426">
                <text>Transition</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260427">
                <text>Transfert de chaleur</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121524">
                <text>الكتابة النسوية في مرآة النقد العربي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260428">
                <text>Simulation numérique de la transition laminaire/turbulent de la couche limite autour d’une aube de turbine à gaz</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121525">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121526">
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              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260429">
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260411">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115913">
                  <text>Review Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="250599">
                  <text>Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121484">
                <text>لقبال, موسى لقبال</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121485">
                <text>بورغاية, رزيق بورغاية</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260380">
                <text>Attar , Issam</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260381">
                <text>Naïli, Nabiha</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260382">
                <text>Farhat, Abdelhamid</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121486">
                <text>2015-09-01</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260383">
                <text>2023-10-25</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121487">
                <text>يسعى هذا البحث لمدارسة جدوى إقامة تحليل تداولي للخطاب القرآني من خلال محاولة تأصيل الفكرة التداولية في مهادها الفلسفي و اللساني من جهة و من خلال مراجعة مفاهيمها الإجرائية في ضوء الحقائق اللغوية في نصوص القرآن الكريم من جهو أخرى</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260384">
                <text>The continuous increase in the level of greenhouse gas emissions and the rise in fuel prices are the main driving forces behind the efforts for more effectively utilize various sources of renewable energy. In many parts of the world and specifically in Tunisia, the direct solar radiation is considered to be one of the most promising sources of energy. Annual sunshine can reach 3288 kWh/m2/year be 6 kWh/m2/day. A greenhouse using means active conventional heating consumes 1 litter of fuel/m2/year which leads to 10 kWh/m2/year. Tunisia surface of greenhouse crops is about 1000 hectares this corresponds to 107 l of foil and 108 kWh .In order to reduce the cost of heating the agricultural greenhouse we used the vacuum solar collectors .Their efficiency depends at the same time upon the ambient climatic conditions and the thermal performances of vacuum solar collectors. Capillary polypropylene exchangers are used to attenuate the differences between the diurnal and nocturnal air temperatures under the tunnel greenhouses. Water circulates in these exchangers at hydraulic closed circuit. In this work we have realized an experimental study of a solar energy heating system. Two types of studies have been done. During the day the suspended exchangers recover the energy in excess for the plants comfort. This recovered energy is stored into the greenhouse ground through the buried exchangers the first one concern the functioning temperature of the heating system installed near the greenhouse and used to heat the water stocked in a tank of 300 litters. In the second type, the energy stored in the ground will be restored through the underground exchangers during the night; thermal energy already stored in the tanks is brought back by the suspended exchangers to heat the air greenhouse. In order to prove the efficiency of our system, we present thermal results relative to the effect of the heater system on the greenhouse microclimate and the agronomic results of the greenhouse culture of tomato. These results are very interesting compared to an unheated greenhouse and had a high effect on tomato quality.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121488">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jarh/article/view/1577</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121489">
                <text>10.37138/jarh.v9i18.1577</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260386">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/344</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260387">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v15i4.344</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121490">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260388">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121491">
                <text>كلية الآداب والحضارة الإسلامية - قسنطينة</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260389">
                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121492">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jarh/article/view/1577/1093</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121493">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jarh/article/view/1577/1094</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260390">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/344/1499</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121494">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260391">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260392">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121495">
                <text>مجلة الآداب والعلوم الإنسانية ; مجلد 9 عدد 2 (2014): v9i182014; 09-41</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121496">
                <text>Journal of Arts and Humanities; Vol. 9 No 2 (2014): v9i182014; 09-41</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121497">
                <text>Journal of Arts and Humanities; Vol. 9 No. 2 (2014): v9i182014; 09-41</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121498">
                <text>2588-2449</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121499">
                <text>1112-4628</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121500">
                <text>10.37138/jarh.v9i18</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260393">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 15 No. 4 (2012): Volume 15 (Regular); 547 - 559</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260394">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 15 No 4 (2012): Volume 15 (Regular); 547 - 559</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260395">
                <text>2716-8247</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260396">
                <text>1112-2242</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260397">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v15i4</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121501">
                <text>الخطاب القرآني</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121502">
                <text>مرجعية التوصيل</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260398">
                <text>Solar energy</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260399">
                <text>Greenhouse</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260400">
                <text>Energy storage</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260401">
                <text>Capillary heat exchanger</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260402">
                <text>Vacuum solar collector</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121503">
                <text>مرجعية التوصيل في الخطاب القرآني مقاربة تداولية</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260403">
                <text>A heating system using flat plate collectors to control the inside greenhouse microclimate in Tunisia</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121504">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121505">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260404">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260405">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="260385">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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  <item itemId="5115" public="1" featured="0">
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        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115913">
                  <text>Review Articles</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="250599">
                  <text>Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
                </elementText>
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          </elementContainer>
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      </elementSetContainer>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121461">
                <text>لطرش,  حنان</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260355">
                <text>Louassa, Samira</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260356">
                <text>Merzouk, Mustapha</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260357">
                <text>Guerri, Ouahiba</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121462">
                <text>2015-09-01</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260358">
                <text>2023-10-25</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121463">
                <text>إن موضوع الثابت والمتحول في سياسة الأمير ، يهدف إلى تسليط الضوء على أهم الثوابت التي استمرت خلال حكم الأمير والتي تجسدت من خلال تأسيس الأمير لدولة حديثة في ظل ظروف استعمارية أرادت القضاء على مقومات المجتمع الجزائري وإذابته في المجتمع الفرنسي. كما أهدف إلى إبراز أهم الثوابت التي حافظ عليها الأمير عبد القادر في دولته الحديثة سواء الاجتماعية أوالاقتصادية وكذلك الثقافية وحتى السياسية والتي استمدها من أعراف المجتمع الجزائري وبعضها من الحكم العثماني السابق، وذلك من خلال عرض موجز عن أهم الأوضاع السياسية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية وحتى الثقافية للجزائر خلال العهد العثماني ،وذلك حتى نتمكن من عرض أهم التحولات التي طرأت على الجزائريين خلال الحكم الأميري ،ثم نتطرق فيما بعد لأهم الأسباب والفواعل التي تسببت في ذلك ومن بينها طبعا الدخيل الفرنسي حتى نتمكن من معرفة كيف أثر هذا الدخيل على المستوى الفكري للجزائري بداية الاحتلال والتي تجسدت من خلال التحولات التي طرأت على المجتمع الجزائري في ظل الدولة الأميرية بعيدا عن الصراعات القبلية والنزاعات الداخلية والتي تمكن من خلالها الأمير عبد القادر من الصمود في مواجهة السياسة الاستعمارية التي أرادت القضاء على الجزائر أرضا وشعبا كالنظام الإداري الذي استحدثه،وكذلك اختاره عن طريق البيعة ،تشكيله لحكومة من أبناء الجزائر وهذه تعتبر من أهم التحولات في الفكر السياسي الجزائري. والإشكالية الرئيسية المطروحة ماهو الثابت والمتحول في حكم وفكر الأمير عبد القادر؟وما نوع التحول الذي أحدثه الدخيل الفرنسي على مستوى الفكر السياسي والإداري للجزائر من خلال الدولة الأميرية؟</text>
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                <text>The renewal features in Emir Abd-el-Kader thought is a subject which High lights the Emir Abd-el-Kader genius, which occurred through his establishment of a modern state under the occupation circumstances which aimed at destroying the Algerian society Basies and values and integrate it in the French one. He also highlighted what were the constants that he preserved in his modern state either social or economic and cultural and even political that he drew from the Algerian society and some of them from the former ottoman reign in addition to show the most important changes occurred in the Algerian society under the reign of the amiri state ,far from the tribal conflicts and internal disputes through wish Emir Abd-el-Kader could resist the colonial policy wish wanted to destroy Algerian ‘s land and people. The main problematic is what are the constant and variable in Emir Abd-el-Kader state? And what are the main renewal features during his reign?</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260359">
                <text>Les données vent relatives à la station météorologique de Tiaret, une ville située au centre des hauts plateaux algériens, ont été traitées afin d’évaluer les caractéristiques statistiques de la vitesse du vent et du potentiel éolien à une hauteur de 10 m au-dessus du sol. Une extrapolation de ces caractéristiques avec la hauteur est ensuite effectuée et les performances attendues de 4 types de turbines sont déterminées. Les résultats obtenus donnent un aperçu sur les ressources éoliennes disponibles dans cette région et mettent en évidence les périodes les plus favorables pour l’exploitation de cette énergie. Cette étude peut fournir des informations sur la possibilité de développement d’une ferme éolienne dans la région étudiée et nous permettre de faire le meilleur choix pour les types d’éoliennes qui s’adaptent le mieux aux conditions locales.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121465">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jarh/article/view/1508</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121466">
                <text>10.37138/jarh.v10i1.1508</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260361">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/342</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260362">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v15i4.342</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121467">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260363">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121468">
                <text>كلية الآداب والحضارة الإسلامية - قسنطينة</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260364">
                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121469">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jarh/article/view/1508/1040</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260365">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/342/1498</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121470">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260366">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260367">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121471">
                <text>مجلة الآداب والعلوم الإنسانية ; مجلد 10 عدد 1 (2016): v10i12016; 299-328</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121472">
                <text>Journal of Arts and Humanities; Vol. 10 No 1 (2016): v10i12016; 299-328</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121473">
                <text>Journal of Arts and Humanities; Vol. 10 No. 1 (2016): v10i12016; 299-328</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121474">
                <text>2588-2449</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121475">
                <text>1112-4628</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121476">
                <text>10.37138/jarh.v10i1</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260368">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 15 No. 4 (2012): Volume 15 (Regular); 533 - 545</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260369">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 15 No 4 (2012): Volume 15 (Regular); 533 - 545</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260370">
                <text>2716-8247</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260371">
                <text>1112-2242</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260372">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v15i4</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121477">
                <text>الأمير عبد القادر</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121478">
                <text>الإحتلال الفرنسي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121479">
                <text>الحكم العثماني</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121480">
                <text>المجتمع الجزائري</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260373">
                <text>Weibull</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260374">
                <text>Vitesse du vent</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260375">
                <text>Energie éolienne</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260376">
                <text>Aérogénérateur</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121481">
                <text>الثابت والمتحول في سياسة الأمير عبد القادر</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260377">
                <text>Evaluation des performances de quatre types d’éolienne dans une zone aride</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121482">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121483">
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              <elementText elementTextId="260378">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="260360">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115913">
                  <text>Review Articles</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="250599">
                  <text>Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121438">
                <text>خيري, الرزقي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260332">
                <text>Bouzidi, Belkacem</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121439">
                <text>2015-09-01</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260333">
                <text>2023-10-23</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121440">
                <text>جريدة الأمة هي سابع جرائد الشيخ ابراهيم أبو اليقظان ، ظهرت في ظروف مميّزة بالجزائر أين تسارعت تطورات الحركة الوطنية فيما بين الحربين ، اكتست طابعا خاصا سواء من حيث الأسلوب أو الهدف أو المنهج ، عالجت قضايا متنوعة ، منها على الخصوص القضايا الوطنية من سنة 1934 الى 1938– فترة صدورها - على غرار قضايا الإصلاح الشامل (الديني ، الإجتماعي ، الأخلاقي ، الثقافي ، التربوي ....الخ ) . الى جانب معالجتها للقضايا الوطنية السياسية كجمعية العلماء المسلمين والمؤتمر الإسلامي الجزائري واهتمامها بحزب الشعب من جهة ، ومن جهة أخرى اهتمامها بمسألة الإدماج والتجنيس والتبشير و كل ما تعلق باساليب السياسة الفرنسية ، وهذا ما كلفها التعطيل والمصادرة . وبفعل الخبرة الصحفية التي اكتسبها الشيخ أبي اليقظان فقد ناضلت جريدة الأمة على جبهين ، الأولى مساندة ومناصرة قضايا الحركة الوطنية – كموقف منها – والثانية مناهضة أساليب السياسة الإستعمارية الفرنسية بالجزائر وفضحها والتحذير منها ، وبحق فان الجريدة استطاعت أن تعبر عن ارادة الشعب الجزائري ، سواء عند انطلاقتها الإصلاحية ، أو نهايتها السياسية رغم العسف الإستعماري ومحدودية الإمكانات المادية .</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121441">
                <text>Journal of the nation is the seventh newspapers Sheikh Ibrahim Abu Aliqzan, appeared in the distinctive conditions in Algeria where the accelerated development of the national movement between the two wars, has taken on a special character, both in terms of method or target or method, addressed a variety of issues, including in particular national issues from 1934 to 1938 - a period of issue - similar to the comprehensive reform issues (religious, social, moral, cultural, educational .... etc). Besides addressed the national political issues as an association of Muslim scholars of the Islamic Conference and the interest of the Algerian People's Party on the one hand, and on the other hand, interest in the issue of integration and naturalization and preaching and all attached by methods of French politics, and that's what cost her disruption and seizure. And by the journalistic experience gained by Sheikh Abu Aliqzan newspaper the nation has struggled to Jpehin, the first to support and advocate for the National Movement issues - an attitude of them - and the second against the French colonial policy in Algeria and expose and warning methods, and rightly so, the Gazette has been able to express the will of the Algerian people, both at its inception reform, or political end, despite the colonial tyranny and limited material resources.
&amp;nbsp;</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260334">
                <text>Les habitants des régions sahariennes, malgré la faible densité de la population, doivent bénéficier de certaines commodités socio économiques pour éviter une migration vers les grands centres urbains. Cependant, les besoins pour l’approvisionnement en eau domestique, l’irrigation des récoltes et l’abreuvement des animaux augmentent en fonction de la croissance de la population. En l’absence des eaux de surface, les eaux souterraines localisées dans les couches aquifères semblent être la seule alternative à ce dilemme, mais difficile pour le pompage manuel et animal. La préservation des écosystèmes dans ces régions sahariennes ne peut être obtenue qu’avec la fixation de la population dans leurs régions par les moyens de l’amélioration et le développement de leur niveau de vie. Le développement socio-économique de ces régions est très lié à deux facteurs principaux qui sont la présence de l’eau et la disponibilité de l’énergie. Dans ce contexte, les énergies renouvelables de part leur fiabilité et leurs caractères non polluants, peuvent contribuer grandement au développement de ces régions éloignées. Le fonctionnement des systèmes photovoltaïques (PV) dépendent de plusieurs paramètres, appelés grandeurs d’influence entre autres, l’irradiation globale sur le plan des modules PV, la température des modules PV, etc. L’irradiation solaire varie donc selon la position géographique du site, les saisons, et l’angle d’inclinaison du générateur par rapport à l’horizontale. Ce travail présente donc les méthodes d’estimation du potentiel énergétique solaire sur le plan des modules photovoltaïques pour différents angles d’inclinaison par rapport à l’horizontal avec une application dans un système de pompage de l’eau.</text>
              </elementText>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121442">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jarh/article/view/1507</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121443">
                <text>10.37138/jarh.v10i1.1507</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260336">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/341</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260337">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v15i3.341</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121444">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260338">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121445">
                <text>كلية الآداب والحضارة الإسلامية - قسنطينة</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260339">
                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
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            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121446">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jarh/article/view/1507/1039</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260340">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/341/1497</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121447">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260341">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260342">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121448">
                <text>مجلة الآداب والعلوم الإنسانية ; مجلد 10 عدد 1 (2016): v10i12016; 271-297</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121449">
                <text>Journal of Arts and Humanities; Vol. 10 No 1 (2016): v10i12016; 271-297</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121450">
                <text>Journal of Arts and Humanities; Vol. 10 No. 1 (2016): v10i12016; 271-297</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121451">
                <text>2588-2449</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121452">
                <text>1112-4628</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121453">
                <text>10.37138/jarh.v10i1</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260343">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 15 No. 3 (2012): Volume 15 (Regular); 521 -531</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260344">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 15 No 3 (2012): Volume 15 (Regular); 521 -531</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260345">
                <text>2716-8247</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260346">
                <text>1112-2242</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260347">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v15i3</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121454">
                <text>جريدة الأمة</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121455">
                <text>ابراهيم أبو اليقظان</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121456">
                <text>الجزائر 1934-1938</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121457">
                <text>قضايا وطنية</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260348">
                <text>Système de pompage PV</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260349">
                <text>Angle d’inclinaison</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260350">
                <text>Générateur photovoltaïque</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260351">
                <text>Rendement</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="121458">
                <text>جريدة الأمة للشيخ إبراهيم أبو اليقظان وموقفها من القضايا الوطنية الجزائرية 1934- 1938</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260352">
                <text>Effet de la variation de l’angle d’inclinaison du générateur sur le rendement des systèmes photovoltaïques Application aux systèmes de pompage de l’eau</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>Review Articles</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="250599">
                  <text>Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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                <text>بن زردة,  توفيق</text>
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                <text>Laïdi, Maamar</text>
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                <text>Hanini, Salah</text>
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                <text>2015-09-01</text>
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                <text>2023-10-23</text>
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                <text>يعد السجلان الإداريانرقم 2144، 2145 الموجودان بالأرشيف الوطني التونسي أحد أهم حلقات الأرصدة التاريخية التي تكشف عن واقع العلاقات الجزائرية التونسية في النصف الثاني من القرن الثامن عشر ميلادي من خلال قوائم طويلة بالهدايا التي جاءت بمسمى إحسانات، كان يقوم كل من بايي تونس محمد (1170هـ/1756-1172هـ/1759م) ومن بعده علي باي (1172هـ/1759م- 1196هـ/ 1782م) بتوزيعها على جماعات الحنانشة التي كان يمتد نفوذها على أطراف الايالتين. لقد أخذت هذه الإحسانات طابع العرف الديبلوماسي الذي درج عليه بايات تونس في تعاملاتهم مع هذه الجماعات الحدودية، قصد إذهاب الخطر واستجلاب المودة معها، وإشعارا بالتقدير والاحترام لها، وإثباتا للتحالف مع شيوخها، وإن كان عنصر التفرقة بين فرعي مشيختها نصر ومنصر بدا واضحا في حجم توزيع هذه الإحسانات بين الفرعين، حيث كان في هذه المرحلة نصيب فرع نصر وشيخه ابراهيم ابن بوعزيز أوفر من فرع منصر وشيخه محمد بن سلطان، لذلك شكلت قيم هذه الإحسانات مؤشرا قويا نقيس به حجم علاقات بايات تونس مع أحد الفرعين هل هي في فتور أم في أوج صلاتها ؟. كما أكد الدفتران على ذلك الحراك الاجتماعي الذي كان قائما بين الايالتين من خلال تردد فئات الحنانشة على تونس قصد تلبية حاجياتهم مثل العلاج، واقتناء بعض المستلزمات، والقيام بزيارات لبعض الأضرحة، مما جعل من هذه الجماعات بحكم بعدها الجغرافي ووضعها الحدودي عامل توافق اجتماعي بين الجزائر وتونس خلال النصف الثاني من القرن الثامن عشر ميلادي.</text>
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                <text>&amp;nbsp;The Registered administrators No. 2144.2145 present Tunisian National Archives, one of the most historical balances that reveal the reality of the Algerian Tunisian relations in the second half of the eighteenth century AD through long lists of gifts that came under the name of mercies rings, he performed all of the Bey Tunisia Mohamed (1170 AH / 1756-1172h / 1759) and later on the Bay (1172 AH / 1759 m- 1196 AH / 1782 AD) Hanancha distributed to groups that had extended their influence on the parties regency. I have taken these charities character diplomatic custom practice Bayat Tunisia in their dealings with these border communities, in order to Azhab danger and bring affection with her, and a notice of appreciation and respect for her, and proof of an alliance with the elders, though an element of discrimination between Nasr Msheechtha sub and evangelized became apparent in the size distribution these charities between branches, where he was at this stage share Nasr branch sheikh Ibrahim son Bouaziz cheaper than evangelized branch sheikh Mohammed bin Sultan, so formed the values of these charities strong indicator we measure the size of Bey Tunisia's relations with one branch is it half-heartedly, or at the height of its links ?. Notebooks he also stressed the social mobility that existed between regency through frequency Hanancha categories to Tunisia in order to meet their needs such as treatment, and the acquisition of some supplies, and visits to some of the shrines, which makes these groups by virtue beyond geographical and put border social consensus between Algeria and Tunisia factor during the second half of the eighteenth century.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260311">
                <text>La propriété associative des réseaux neurologiques artificiels et de leur capacité inhérente d’apprendre et identifier des rapports fortement non linéaires et complexes, les trouve idéalement convenus à une étendue des applications large dans le domaine du froid direct et indirect. Cet article traite les applications potentielles des réseaux neurones artificiels dans la particularité des problèmes thermiques soulevés par l’utilisation des fluides frigoporteurs diphasiques, tels que les coulis de glace (mélange de solutions binaires aqueuses et de cristaux de glace) dans les installations de distribution du froid. L’utilisation de ce type d’installation permet de diminuer, les quantités des fluides frigorigènes traditionnels, ainsi que les problèmes qu’ils engendrent, de réduire les volumes de stockage et les consommations d’électricité. La stratégie d’obtention du RN s'articule sur l'élaboration d'un programme sur MATLAB, comportant plusieurs boucles où on fait varier les algorithmes d’apprentissages, les fonctions d’activations, le nombre de couches cachées et le nombre de neurones dans chaque couche, afin de minimiser la fonction du coût sous contrainte d’une erreur relative fixée. Le modèle neuronal conçu a permis d’une part de reproduire avec une très bonne précision les données expérimentales tirées directement de littérature et d’autre part une estimation meilleure et plus précise des valeurs calculées par rapport aux modèles classiques (basé sur la formulation générale de la méthode enthalpique) des transferts thermiques dans le cas des solutions binaires dispersées sous forme d’émulsions ou de mini-émulsions subissant un changement de phase tirées directement de littérature.</text>
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                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jarh/article/view/1506</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121420">
                <text>10.37138/jarh.v10i1.1506</text>
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                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/340</text>
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                <text>10.54966/jreen.v15i3.340</text>
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                <text>ara</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121422">
                <text>كلية الآداب والحضارة الإسلامية - قسنطينة</text>
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                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
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                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jarh/article/view/1506/1038</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260317">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/340/1496</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
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              <elementText elementTextId="121424">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260318">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260319">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121425">
                <text>مجلة الآداب والعلوم الإنسانية ; مجلد 10 عدد 1 (2016): v10i12016; 239-270</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121426">
                <text>Journal of Arts and Humanities; Vol. 10 No 1 (2016): v10i12016; 239-270</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121427">
                <text>Journal of Arts and Humanities; Vol. 10 No. 1 (2016): v10i12016; 239-270</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121428">
                <text>2588-2449</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="121429">
                <text>1112-4628</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121430">
                <text>10.37138/jarh.v10i1</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260320">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 15 No. 3 (2012): Volume 15 (Regular); 513 - 520</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260321">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 15 No 3 (2012): Volume 15 (Regular); 513 - 520</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260322">
                <text>2716-8247</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260323">
                <text>1112-2242</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260324">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v15i3</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121431">
                <text>بايات تونس - جماعات الحنانشة - أرشيف تونس</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121432">
                <text>بايات تونس</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121433">
                <text>جماعات الحنانشة</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121434">
                <text>أرشيف تونس</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260325">
                <text>Réseau de neurones</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260326">
                <text>Transfert thermie</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260327">
                <text>Froid</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260328">
                <text>Eutectique</text>
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                <text>إحسانات بايات تونس لجماعات الحنانشة 1170هـ/1756م – 1192هـ/1779م من خلال الدفترين 2144،2145 بالأرشيف التونسي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="260329">
                <text>Approche neuronale pour l’estimation des transferts thermiques dans un fluide frigoporteur diphasique</text>
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                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260312">
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                <elementText elementTextId="115913">
                  <text>Review Articles</text>
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                  <text>Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121392">
                <text>لعبيدي , إدريس</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260281">
                <text>Bouchafaa, Farid</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260282">
                <text>Chouder, Aissa</text>
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                <text>Boukhalfa, Saida</text>
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                <text>2023-10-23</text>
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                <text>ربّما كان موضوع ((التنظيم)) خلال الثورة الجزائرية 1954-1962، من أهم الموضوعات التي شغلت اهتمام المؤرخين، والمختصين في العلوم القانونية والإدارية والسياسية، والمهتمين بالدراسات العسكرية وغيرها.إلاّ أنه في الواقع لم يحظ بالبحث الكافي وبالتغطية الشاملة.وبالرغم من أنه قد أجريت فيه بعض البحوث والدراسات، وكتبت عنه بعض المؤلفات، إلا أنها قليلة ومحدودة، صيغت أغلبها في إطار مواضيع عامة، ماعدا النزر اليسير منها الذي جاء بعضها كدراسات أكاديمية، والبعض الآخر غير ذلك. ولماّ كان لهذا الموضوع أهمية كبيرة في العملية الثورية، من جهة، وأسبقية المنطقة الثانية (الشمال القسنطيني) بالتنظيم وتميزها به من جهة ثانية، فإنّ هدفنا من هذا المقال هو أن نقدم للمهتمين من طلاّب وأساتذة صورة مبسّطة، ولكنها واضحة وشاملة في الوقت نفسه عن التنظيم السياسي والإداري والعسكري بالولاية الثانية التاريخية، وقد اقتصرت في عرض الموضوع على اتجاه محدد، في شقّه المتعلق بـ((المجالس الشعبية)). لقد عرفت الثورة بالشمال القسنطيني دفعا قويا وحاسما والتحاق الجماهير بمجاهديها، خصوصا عقب هجومات 20 أوت 1955، وعلى إثر ذلك فكّر ((زيغود يوسف)) ورفاقه في كيفية حلّ مشاكل الجماهير، فتقرر إنشاء ((المجالس الشعبية)) التي تعدّ الخلية ( النواة) الأساسية للتنظيم القاعدي للثورة بالمنطقة التي ستعرف بعدها تطورا وتعميما ليشمل باقي القطاعات والنواحي الأخرى الاجتماعية والاقتصادية والثقافية... يدور المقال حول إشكالية تبرز مدى أهمية المجالس الشعبية الثورية في إعادة الثقة للشعب الجزائري، ودورها في إبطال عمل المجالس البلدية الفرنسية، التي تمثل إحدى جوانب المنظومة الإدارية والسياسية والعسكرية، والتي أدّت إلى ((اختلال))في المجتمع الجزائري، وإلى ((ارتباك)) في منظومته الثقافية. جزّأتها إلى مجموعة من التساؤلات: 1- هل مكّنت المجالس الشعبية الثورة من أن تحل مشاكل الجماهير. 2-إلى أيّ مدى استطاعت المجالس الشعبية أن تقرّ مبدأ ((اللامركزية)) كوسيلة مثلى للممارسة الديمقراطية. -كيف يمكن اعتبار المجالس الشعبية كمبدأ لتكريس السيادة، وإرساء لأسس الدولة المستقبلية، وأساسا قاعديا للنظام السياسي بعد الاستقلال، على الأقل في مرحلته الأولى.</text>
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                <text>&amp;nbsp;Perhaps the topic of ))discipline(( during the Algerian revolution 1954-1962, was from the most important subjects that attract the historians and specialists in laws, administration and politics those who are interrested in the army studies and others, but in reality it dosn’t take the whole cover. Really it prepared some projects and studies about it and wrote some books but it wasn’t sufficient It took as general topics. Just the academic studies and other. When this topic took a big importance in the revolution in one side. The priority of the second area (the north of constantine) about disipline in the other side. Our purpose about this report is to give a clear picture to student and teachers, but at the same time it must cover the politic, administrative and military disipline in the second historical area. And it was only about one direction about popular councils after the revolution august 20th, 1955 which was known by the north of constantine, it became very strong. Ziroud youcef and his freinds thought how to solve the problems of the people. So it was decided to build popular council which is the most important cell in the revolution organisation in the area. It will know development in all fields sociology, economic and cultural…</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260285">
                <text>In this paper we study the stability of input voltages of the cascade consisting of a photovoltaic inverter and a three-level structure NPC, feeding a synchronous machine with permanent magnets (PMSM) commissioned by the speed command flow oriented. For this, we first present the modeling of the Photovoltaic, then modeling and strategy to control the inverter three-level structure NPC. In the end, to address the midpoint fluctuation and instability of input voltages at the terminals of the inverter, proposed a solution consisting of a bridge clamping which gave promising results.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121396">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jarh/article/view/1505</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121397">
                <text>10.37138/jarh.v10i1.1505</text>
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                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/339</text>
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                <text>10.54966/jreen.v15i3.339</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 15 No 3 (2012): Volume 15 (Regular); 501 - 512</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121408">
                <text>الثورة الجزائرية</text>
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                <text>الولاية الثانية</text>
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                <text>التنظيم العسكري</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121411">
                <text>التنظيم الإداري</text>
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                <text>Photovoltaic generator</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260300">
                <text>Multilevel PWM inverter</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260301">
                <text>Digital MPPT</text>
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                <text>Voltage stability</text>
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                <text>Clamping bridge</text>
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                <text>PMSM</text>
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                <text>التنظيم السياسي و الإداري و العسكري في الولاية الثانية التاريخية 1954-1962 المجالس الشعبية –أنموذجا-</text>
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                <text>Stability of input voltages of a three-level inverter NPC fed by photovoltaic sources</text>
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                <text>Meflah, Aissa</text>
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                <text>Allaoui, Tayeb</text>
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                <text>لماّ كانت قضيّة إعجاز القرآن من القضايا الحيوية المتجدّدة، لتعلّقه بصحّة الرسالة وصدق الرسول الذي جاء بها، وإقامة الحجّة والبرهان على الجمهور الكوني في كلّ العصور، استحوذت منذ وقت مبكر على قدر كبير من اهتمام العلماء وعنايتهم. ومع التّأليف المستمرّ تطوّر هذا المبحث الجليل، وظفر روّاده بدقائقه وخفاياه وأسراره وتهدف هذه الورقة إلى التنقيب في حيثيّات البحث في هذه القضيّة عند القدامى من جهة وعند المحدثين من جهةأخرى،لإعمال فعل المقارنة بين الفريقين، للوقوف على نقاط المفارقة، كذا معرفة أسباب التّطور والنّتائج والاستفادة من ذلك.</text>
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                <text>The miracle of koran is considered as vital remewable issue. For its attatchment relationship with validity of the message and sincerity of prophet, who came out with, and for the establishment out with, and proofabout human beings in all over. Centries which acquired a great deal of interest in scientist, The continued authoring was developed with researches on these miracle studies Their peers have got their detaits and secret. This study aims to investigate the merits of this case on ancients and modernists as well. In order to compare between these two group and to find out the differences between them. In addition to explore the causes, resultts, and benefits from it.
&amp;nbsp;</text>
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                <text>L’objectif de ce mémoire est d’assurer une commande vectorielle associée à une électropompe asynchrone immergée. La configuration de ce système comporte un générateur photovoltaïque, un bus PV, un filtre PV connecté à un hacheur survolteur, un bus DC et un onduleur de tension alimentant une machine asynchrone couplée à une pompe centrifuge. L’objectif de ce système consiste à assurer un fonctionnement à puissance maximale du système photovoltaïque pour diverses conditions climatiques. L’adaptation entre le générateur photovoltaïque et la charge a été effectuée moyennant le convertisseur DC/DC.</text>
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                <text>10.37138/jarh.v10i1.1504</text>
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                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/338</text>
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                <text>10.54966/jreen.v15i3.338</text>
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                <text>ara</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121377">
                <text>كلية الآداب والحضارة الإسلامية - قسنطينة</text>
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                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260266">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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                <text>مجلة الآداب والعلوم الإنسانية ; مجلد 10 عدد 1 (2016): v10i12016; 187-208</text>
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                <text>Journal of Arts and Humanities; Vol. 10 No 1 (2016): v10i12016; 187-208</text>
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                <text>Journal of Arts and Humanities; Vol. 10 No. 1 (2016): v10i12016; 187-208</text>
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                <text>2588-2449</text>
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                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 15 No. 3 (2012): Volume 15 (Regular); 489 - 499</text>
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                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 15 No 3 (2012): Volume 15 (Regular); 489 - 499</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="121386">
                <text>أدبية الخطاب</text>
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                <text>الإعجاز</text>
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                <text>القرآن</text>
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                <text>Photovoltaïque</text>
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                <text>Contrôle MPPT</text>
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                <text>Machine asynchrone</text>
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                <text>Hacheur</text>
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                <text>Onduleur</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>أدبية إعجاز الخطاب القرآني - دراسة في أنظار الأوائل ومقولات المحدثين –</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="260278">
                <text>Commande d’une chaîne de pompage photovoltaïque au fil du soleil</text>
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                <text>دمبحري,  سميرة</text>
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                <text>Menhoudj, Sayeh</text>
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                <text>Sifodil, Djamel</text>
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                <text>Mokhtari, Abderrahmane</text>
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                <text>يتناولُ هذا المقال شهاداتٍ شعريّة و أخرى نثريّة لأقلام غربيّة شهيرة ، عُرفتْ في القرنيْن الثّامن عشر والتّاسع عشر ؛ بدحضها أكاذيبَ الكنيسة المتعصّبة و أضاليلَ الفلاسفة و المفكّرين في الغرب الحاقد ، فدافعت عن الرّسول – صلّى الله عليه و سلّم – غير أنّ أصحابَ هذه الأقلام صدّقوا بعض التُّرهاتِ التي قيلت عنه هنا وهناك ، فوظّفوها فيما كتبوا ، ممّا خلق عندهم نوعًا من الازدواجيّة في الخطاب الذي استخدموه لخدمة هذه القضيّة .</text>
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                <text>&amp;nbsp;In the article that follows , some great famous foreign works in littérature, published between 18th and 19th centries, are exposed. These works were knowen for defending our prophet Mohammed « peace be upon him » and supporting his beliefs , and for denying the churche’s bigoted lies and philosophers’ wrong conclusions about islam . However , the authors then couldn’t take one side, because of believing in several irrational rumors that were said which added a kind of duplicity in their writings.</text>
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                <text>Le chauffage par le plancher est une technique qui procure de bonnes conditions de confort tout en minimisant les consommations énergétiques. La possibilité d’utilisation de cette technique en Algérie s’inscrit dans le contexte actuel de maîtrise de l’énergie, d’utilisation des énergies renouvelables et de développement durable. Ce travail a porté sur l’étude expérimentale d’un système solaire actif - PSD, technique qui a été utilisé pour le chauffage du local d’une cellule solaire implantée à Oran. Un système de mesure (métrologie) a été mis en place pour étudier les performances énergétiques du plancher solaire direct (PSD) pendant une période où les besoins en chauffage sont exprimés (du mois de novembre 2007 au mois de mars 2008). Les résultats expérimentaux obtenus ont permis d’évaluer l’économie apportée par le PSD en matière de besoins de chauffage (taux de couverture solaire) et d’énergie d’appoint nécessaire. Une étude comparative a été faite en utilisant les résultats de simulation numérique.</text>
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                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jarh/article/view/1503</text>
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                <text>10.37138/jarh.v10i1.1503</text>
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                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/337</text>
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                <text>ara</text>
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                <text>كلية الآداب والحضارة الإسلامية - قسنطينة</text>
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