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                  <text>Review Articles</text>
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                  <text>Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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                <text>دمان ذبيح, محمد</text>
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                <text>Zaatri, Abdelouahab</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256218">
                <text>Kacem Chaouche, Noureddine</text>
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                <text>Karaali, Mounira</text>
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                <text>2021-06-30</text>
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                <text>2023-10-24</text>
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                <text>عد النقود الإلكترونية واحدة من أهم الوسائل التي ابتكرها عالم التبادل الإلكتروني السريع، فهي المكافئ الإلكتروني للنقود التي أعتدنا تداولها، لذا فالنقود الإلكترونية تعتبر وسيلة مثلى لتسوية مختلف المعاملات المالية، والتجارية عـبر شبكة الإنترنت ،وشبكات الحاسوب والأنظمة الرقمية المختلفة. غير أن هذه النقود ونظرا لخصائصها المتميزة عن النقود التقليدية ،قد تثير مجمـوعة من المخاطر التي تنعكس سلبا على المتعاملين بها بيعا وشراء، و عليه ستحاول هذه الورقة البحثية إعطاء صورة عامة عن هذا النوع من النقود ، وذلك من خلال بيان أشكالها و خصائصها المتعددة ،هذا إلى جانب الوقوف على أهم مزاياها ،ومخاطرها المتوقعة من استخدامها أو التعامل بها.</text>
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                <text>Electronic money is considered one of the most important means which the rapid electronic exchange has enormously promoted. It’s the electronic equivalent of the electronic. currencies we use in our daily life. That’s why it is considered the model way for the regularity of all the money exchanges and commercial transactions via the Internet, computer networks and the different numerical systems. Unlike the traditional money, the electronic money can engender many risks which may eventually hinder buyers and sellers with their transactions. Thus the aim of this research work is to give a plain explanation about the different forms and specifications of such a commercial practice . Besides, I will focus on its main features and some of the unexpected dangers from using it.</text>
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                <text>Ce travail présente une première exploration dans la conception, la simulation et l’analyse expérimentale de bioréacteurs anaérobies à alimentation discontinue (batch). L’étude concerne la production du méthane en utilisant la matière organique concentrée, qui consiste en la boue activée enrichie, provenant de la station d’épuration biologique des eaux usées (bassins d’aération). Un modèle mathématique correspondant au processus biotechnologique de méthanisation à deux phases [1, 2] a été implémenté pour simuler le fonctionnement du bioréacteur. Certains paramètres du modèle ont été estimés par une étude bibliographique extensive. Les résultats de simulation permettent d’appréhender la dégradation du substrat, la croissance des bactéries, ainsi que la production du méthane. Sur un plan pratique, un bioréacteur expérimental de capacité 200 litres a été réalisé. Des résultats encourageants ont été obtenus avec des moyens très simples. Le bioréacteur réalisé a produit une quantité appréciable de méthane après environ 27 jours d’incubation.</text>
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                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jceco/article/view/138</text>
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                <text>10.37138/jceco.v10i1.138</text>
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                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/260</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256224">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v14i2.260</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117377">
                <text>ara</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256225">
                <text>eng</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117378">
                <text>جامعة الأمير عبد القادر للعلوم الإسلامية –قسنطينة</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256226">
                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
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                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jceco/article/view/138/73</text>
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                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/260/1535</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117380">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
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                <text>مجلة الشريعة والاقتصاد ; مجلد 10 عدد 1 (2021): v10i12021; 133-149</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117382">
                <text>Journal Charia and Economics ; Vol. 10 No. 1 (2021): v10i12021; 133-149</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117383">
                <text>Journal of Charia and Economics ; Vol. 10 No 1 (2021): v10i12021; 133-149</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117384">
                <text>2588-2392</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117385">
                <text>2335-1624</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117386">
                <text>10.37138/jceco.v10i1</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256230">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 14 No. 2 (2011): Volume 14 (Regular); 291 – 300</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256231">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 14 No 2 (2011): Volume 14 (Regular); 291 – 300</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256232">
                <text>2716-8247</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256233">
                <text>1112-2242</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256234">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v14i2</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117387">
                <text>النقود الإلكترونية</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117388">
                <text>تجارة إلكترونية</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117389">
                <text>التبادل الإلكتروني</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117390">
                <text>الحاسوب</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117391">
                <text>شبكة الأنترنت</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117392">
                <text>Electronic money</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117393">
                <text>Electronic means</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117394">
                <text>Electronic exchange</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117395">
                <text>the computer</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117396">
                <text>World wide web</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256235">
                <text>Modélisation de bioréacteur</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256236">
                <text>Méthanisation</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256237">
                <text>Digestion anaérobie</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256238">
                <text>Biotechnologie</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117397">
                <text>النقود الإلكترونية: ماهيتها، مزاياها، مخاطرها</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117398">
                <text>Electronic money: Its definition, Advantages, Risks</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256239">
                <text>Etude de bioréacteurs anaérobies expérimentaux pour la production de méthane</text>
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          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117400">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
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                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256240">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256241">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256222">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
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    <collection collectionId="44">
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115913">
                  <text>Review Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="250599">
                  <text>Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117343">
                <text>حسيبة, سميرة</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117344">
                <text>بوحلاسة, وداد</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256190">
                <text>Chikhi, Sid-Ali</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256191">
                <text>Chikhi, Fouzi</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256192">
                <text>Mehdaoui, Ahmed</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256193">
                <text>Mammeri, Abdelkrim</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256194">
                <text>Draou, Mohammed Djamel</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117345">
                <text>2021-06-30</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256195">
                <text>2023-10-24</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117346">
                <text>إن السياسات الاقتصادية المعتمدة في إطار العولمة المبنية على إلغاء التنظيم بتحرير القيود والسماح بانتقال الأموال زادت من ترابط اقتصاديات العالم وجعلت الأزمة المالية مهما كان مكان حدوثها أزمة عالمية، ولعل أخطر أزمة مالية عالمية هي الأزمة التي انطلقت من أزمة الرهن العقاري الأمريكية، والتي أسفرت على ضرورة التنسيق والتعاون الدولي من أجل إدارة الأزمات المالية والاقتصادية العالمية من خلال حوكمة مالية عالمية بقيادة مجموعة العشرين، وتطوير دور البنوك المركزية في إدارة الازمات المالية. الكلمات المفتاحية: أزمة الاقتصادية، عولمة،حوكمة عالمية.</text>
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                <text>The economic policies adopted in the context of globalization, based on deregulation and the liberalization of the transfer of funds, have strengthened the interdependence of the world's economies and made the financial crisis, wherever a global crisis occurs. Perhaps the most serious global financial crisis is the US subprime crisis, which has necessitated coordination and international cooperation to manage global financial and economic crises through G20-led global financial governance, as well as the development of the global financial crisis. role of the central bank in the management of financial crises. Keywords: economic crisis, globalization, global governance</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256196">
                <text>Nous allons présenter dans cet article, les résultats de tests effectués sur une électropompe immergée de 2.2 kW avec le banc d’essai de caractérisation réalisé à l’URERMS-Adrar. Ces résultats nous ont permis de modéliser cette électropompe dans une gamme de fréquence signal qui s’étend de 20 Hz à 40 Hz.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117348">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jceco/article/view/137</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117349">
                <text>10.37138/jceco.v10i1.137</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256198">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/259</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256199">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v14i2.259</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117350">
                <text>ara</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117351">
                <text>جامعة الأمير عبد القادر للعلوم الإسلامية –قسنطينة</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256201">
                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
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                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jceco/article/view/137/72</text>
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                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/259/1534</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117353">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256203">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256204">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
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              <elementText elementTextId="117354">
                <text>مجلة الشريعة والاقتصاد ; مجلد 10 عدد 1 (2021): v10i12021; 110-132</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117355">
                <text>Journal Charia and Economics ; Vol. 10 No. 1 (2021): v10i12021; 110-132</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117356">
                <text>Journal of Charia and Economics ; Vol. 10 No 1 (2021): v10i12021; 110-132</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117357">
                <text>2588-2392</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117358">
                <text>2335-1624</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117359">
                <text>10.37138/jceco.v10i1</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256205">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 14 No. 2 (2011): Volume 14 (Regular); 285 – 290</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256206">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 14 No 2 (2011): Volume 14 (Regular); 285 – 290</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256207">
                <text>2716-8247</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256208">
                <text>1112-2242</text>
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                <text>10.54966/jreen.v14i2</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117360">
                <text>الأزمة الاقتصادية</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117361">
                <text>عولمة</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117362">
                <text>حوكمة عالمية</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117363">
                <text>economic crisis</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117364">
                <text>globalization</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117365">
                <text>global governance</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256210">
                <text>Pompage photovoltaïque</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256211">
                <text>Banc d’essai</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256212">
                <text>Caractérisation</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256213">
                <text>Modélisation</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117366">
                <text>إدارة الأزمات الاقتصادية والمالية العالمية في زمن العولمة</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117367">
                <text>Managing global economic and financial crises in the era of globalization</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256214">
                <text>Caractérisation et modélisation des électropompes solaires triphasées</text>
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              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115913">
                  <text>Review Articles</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="250599">
                  <text>Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117316">
                <text>شبيرة, سفيان</text>
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                <text>Boudghene Stambouli, Amine</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256166">
                <text>Djerroud, Samia</text>
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                <text>2021-06-30</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256167">
                <text>2023-10-24</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117318">
                <text>في الوقت الذي فتحت فيه الكثير من الدول العربية والإسلامية ـ على غرار المغرب ـ المجال أمام التأمين التكافلي كبديلٍ شرعيٍ عن التأمين التقليدي، وذلك من خلال التأسيس القانوني والتشريعي لهذا النوع من التأمين بما يتوافق واجتهادات الفقهاء المعاصرين، لازال التشريع الجزائري يتخذ موقفاً ضبابياً من هذا التأمين. موقفٌ ضبابيٌ يمكن الوقوف عليه من خلال موافقة التشريع الجزائري في تنظيمه لما يُسمى بالتأمين التعاضدي لبعض الأسس الشرعية التي يقوم عليها التأمين التكافلي تارةً، ومخالفتها تارةً أخرى، ما يدفعنا إلى القول بأنه لا يمكن الجزم بالقول أن المشرع الجزائري يعترف بالتأمين التكافلي، وإنما يمكن القول إن هناك أرضية يمكن الانطلاق منها للتأسيس لهذا النوع من التأمين.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117319">
                <text>At a time when many Arab and Islamic countries - such as Morocco - have opened the way to solidarity insurance as a legitimate alternative to traditional insurance, through the legal and legislative establishment of this type of insurance in accordance with the jurisprudence of contemporary jurists, the Algerian legislation is still taking a vague position on this insurance . A foggy situation that can be identified through the approval of the Algerian legislation in regulating what is called mutual insurance for some of the legal foundations on which solidarity insurance is based sometimes, and contradicting them at other times, which leads us to say that it is not possible to say that the Algerian legislator recognizes solidarity insurance, but it can be said that There is a starting point for establishing this type of insurance.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256168">
                <text>Thin-film solar cell technology based on hydrogenated amorphous silicon has matured over the last two decades and is capable to deliver commercial modules with almost 10 % stabilized efficiency. Moreover attention on hydrogen fuel cells is increasing as the range of potential commercial applications expands, with more than 3800 fuel cell systems being installed and operated worldwide. These systems attain high theoretical efficiencies in the range of 43.7-70.4 %, with an additional 20% as heat recovery, and operating at carbon-free conditions between 50 °C and 900 °C. In this paper the status of thin-film silicon solar cell technology is reviewed by comparing it to other major solar cell technologies. A discussion is also made upon the benefits obtained from the few potential applications, as long-term potential actions for sustainable development, and the future of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs). Applications of thin-film silicon modules and SOFCs are presented. EPIA (European Photovoltaic Industry Association) estimates that half of the growth in the next two years will come from thin-film technology.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117320">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jceco/article/view/136</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117321">
                <text>10.37138/jceco.v10i1.136</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256170">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/258</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256171">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v14i2.258</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117322">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256172">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117323">
                <text>جامعة الأمير عبد القادر للعلوم الإسلامية –قسنطينة</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256173">
                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117324">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jceco/article/view/136/71</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256174">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/258/1533</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117325">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256175">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256176">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="48">
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              <elementText elementTextId="117326">
                <text>مجلة الشريعة والاقتصاد ; مجلد 10 عدد 1 (2021): v10i12021; 94-109</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117327">
                <text>Journal Charia and Economics ; Vol. 10 No. 1 (2021): v10i12021; 94-109</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117328">
                <text>Journal of Charia and Economics ; Vol. 10 No 1 (2021): v10i12021; 94-109</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117329">
                <text>2588-2392</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117330">
                <text>2335-1624</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117331">
                <text>10.37138/jceco.v10i1</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256177">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 14 No. 2 (2011): Volume 14 (Regular); 267 – 284</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256178">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 14 No 2 (2011): Volume 14 (Regular); 267 – 284</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256179">
                <text>2716-8247</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256180">
                <text>1112-2242</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256181">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v14i2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117332">
                <text>التأمين التكافلي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117333">
                <text>التشريع الجزائري</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117334">
                <text>التشريعي المغربي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117335">
                <text>Takaful insurance</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117336">
                <text>Algerian legislation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117337">
                <text>Moroccan legislation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256182">
                <text>Solar cells</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256183">
                <text>Thin Si films</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256184">
                <text>Fuel cell</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256185">
                <text>Solid oxide fuel cell</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256186">
                <text>Hydrogen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117338">
                <text>موقف التشريع الجزائري من التأمين التكافلي: دراسة مقارنة بالتجربة المغربية</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117339">
                <text>The position of the Algerian legislation on the solidarity insurance: A comparative study of the Moroccan experience</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256187">
                <text>Thin film Si solar cell and solid oxide fuel cell technologies for a low cost, environmentally friendly and sustainable source of energy</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117341">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117342">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256188">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256189">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="256169">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115913">
                  <text>Review Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="250599">
                  <text>Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117285">
                <text>بونقيشة, سوسن عبد الكريم</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256138">
                <text>Berroug, Fatiha</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256139">
                <text>Lakhal, El Khadir</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256140">
                <text>El Omari, Mohamed</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256141">
                <text>El Qarnia, Hamid</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256142">
                <text>Faraji, Mustapha</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117286">
                <text>2021-06-30</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256143">
                <text>2023-10-24</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117287">
                <text>يتناول بحثنا احدى القضايا المعاصرة التي غفل عنها الكثيرون ألا وهي اعمار النفوس بالأمل المحمود شرعا، وقد ربط الإسلام الأمل بالعقيدة فكان مفعما بمبادئ التوحيد و بالقيم والأخلاقيات ليحقق المقاصد الإسلامية العليا من عمارة الأرض و رقي المجتمعات الإنسانية ، ذلك لان حياة القلوب و صلاحها تجعل الانسان متوازنا مطمئنا و متفائلا و تمنحه القدرة على الإنجاز و العمل و الإنتاج و الابتكار. وقد أشار المقال الى أن اعمار القلوب بالأمل هي احد ركائز التنمية البشرية في المنظور الاسلامي الذي خص الانسان بعناية فائقة ليكون خليفة الله على أرضه ، كما قدم مقترحات معاصرة مبنية على التكنولوجيا الرقمية المتوفرة للإنسان في زماننا ليلفت الانتباه الى وجود حلول يغفل عنها الكثير من اليائسين.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117288">
                <text>Our research deals with one of the contemporary issues that many have overlooked, namely, the reconstruction of souls with the hope.Islam has linked hope with belief and was filled with principles of monotheism and values and ethics to achieve the highest Islamic purposes of building the land and the advancement of human societies, because the life and goodness of the hearts makes the person balanced Reassuring and optimistic and gives him the ability to accomplish, work, production and innovation.The article pointed out that the reconstruction of hearts with hope is one of the pillars of human development in the Islamic perspective, which singled out human beings with great care to be the successor of God on his land, and he also presentedcontemporary proposals based the digital technology provided to man in our times to draw attention to the existence of solutions that many desperate people overlook.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256144">
                <text>Dans ce travail, on se propose de déterminer numériquement l’effet de la géométrie des serres agricoles sur leurs performances thermiques. L’étude consiste à introduire la géométrie dans un modèle de bilan énergétique et de quantifier par la suite son effet sur la température à l’intérieur de la serre. Pour les conditions climatiques typiques de la ville de Marrakech, Maroc (latitude 31,62°), les résultats indiquent que la serre mono chapelle asymétrique procure la température minimale à l’intérieur de la serre. Quant à la serre du type tunnel modifié, elle génère une température relativement élevée à l’intérieur de la serre. Globalement, pour les trois formes de serre étudiées, il a été trouvé que la différence moyenne de température est de l’ordre de 3 °C.</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117289">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jceco/article/view/135</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117290">
                <text>10.37138/jceco.v10i1.135</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256146">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/257</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256147">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v14i2.257</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117291">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256148">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117292">
                <text>جامعة الأمير عبد القادر للعلوم الإسلامية –قسنطينة</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256149">
                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117293">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jceco/article/view/135/70</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256150">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/257/1532</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117294">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256151">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256152">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117295">
                <text>مجلة الشريعة والاقتصاد ; مجلد 10 عدد 1 (2021): v10i12021; 67-93</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117296">
                <text>Journal Charia and Economics ; Vol. 10 No. 1 (2021): v10i12021; 67-93</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117297">
                <text>Journal of Charia and Economics ; Vol. 10 No 1 (2021): v10i12021; 67-93</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117298">
                <text>2588-2392</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117299">
                <text>2335-1624</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117300">
                <text>10.37138/jceco.v10i1</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256153">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 14 No. 2 (2011): Volume 14 (Regular); 249 - 266</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256154">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 14 No 2 (2011): Volume 14 (Regular); 249 - 266</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256155">
                <text>2716-8247</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256156">
                <text>1112-2242</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256157">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v14i2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117301">
                <text>الأمل</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117302">
                <text>اليأس</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117303">
                <text>الإسلام</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117304">
                <text>قضايا معاصرة</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117305">
                <text>التشريع</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117306">
                <text>hope</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117307">
                <text>despair</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117308">
                <text>Islam</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117309">
                <text>contemporary issues</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117310">
                <text>legislation</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256158">
                <text>Modélisation</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256159">
                <text>Serre solaire</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256160">
                <text>Performances thermiques</text>
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                <text>Efficacité énergétique</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117311">
                <text>إعمار القلوب بالأمل المحمود مطلب شرعي لتحقيق المقاصد الإسلامية العليا</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117312">
                <text>Reconstructing hearts with praiseworthy hope is a legitimate requirement to achieve the highest Islamic objectives</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256162">
                <text>Effet de la géométrie sur la performance thermique d’une serre agricole</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Type</name>
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                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
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            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>application/pdf</text>
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              <elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>Review Articles</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="250599">
                  <text>Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117255">
                <text>أبو عيد, قاسم موسى قاسم</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117256">
                <text>أبو صفية, فخري خليل</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256113">
                <text>Kemajou, Alexis</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256114">
                <text>Mba, Léopold</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117257">
                <text>2021-06-30</text>
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                <text>2023-10-24</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117258">
                <text>تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى إبراز مفهوم الرقابة الشرعية من منظور الاقتصاد الإسلامي وأهميتها وخصائصها وانواعها ومستوياتها ودورها في حماية المال العام، وإضافة إلى ذلك دراسة وتحليل أسس الرقابة الشرعية، وكيفية استعمالها كنموذج تطبيقي للرقابة على المال العام في هذا الزمان. واستخدم الباحثان المنهج الوصفي التحليلي من خلال مراجعة وتحليل النصوص الشرعية ذات العلاقة بالرقابة الشرعية الواردة في الكتاب والسنة الشريفة والمراجع الفقهية. وفي الختام توصلت الدراسة جملة من النتائج أهمها قابلية تطبيق مبادئ الرقابة الشرعية على الرقابة على المال في الوقت الحاضر والمتمثلة في قاعدة قاعدة الأمر بالمعروف والنهي عن المنكر. واوصت الدراسة كذلك بتوصيات أهمها تفعيل دور الرقابة الشعبية من خلال أهل الحل والعقد ومجالس النواب حتى يتم حماية المال العام.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117259">
                <text>The main objectives of this study are to identify the concepts of Sharia Control from Islamic Economic view, characteristic of Shariacontrol, its type, and clarify how to use the principles of Sharia Control as applied model in controlling the public fund. The descriptive and analytical method was used to achieve the goal of this study by studying and analyzing the related texts mentioned in Holy Qur’an and Sunnah. by the end this study included several results such as Sharia control principles could be implemented in order to protect the n public fund. Several recommendations were included; activating the role of popular oversight (parliament) in controlling public fund.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256116">
                <text>La présente étude est consacrée à l’obtention du confort thermique dans l’habitat par une utilisation judicieuse des matériaux de construction. La particularité de cette étude est qu’elle intègre un volet socioculturel par la prise en compte des matériaux entrant dans les habitudes architecturales de la population en comparaison aux habitats ‘modernes’ en parpaing aggloméré creux en zone chaude. Les simulations des habitats sont effectuées avec le logiciel Pléiades+Comfie et les réponses thermiques de leurs enveloppes sont analysées. Au cours de cette simulation thermique, des comparaisons sont effectuées entre les matériaux traditionnels disponibles dans chaque zone climatique comme le bois, la brique de terre, la terre battue et les matériaux modernes, tels que le parpaing de ciment. Les résultats de ces simulations ont montré qu’en fonction des climats, le bois et la brique de terre sont meilleurs par rapport au parpaing de ciment, car l’habitat traditionnel représente parfois une réponse directe aux contraintes climatiques et est spécifique à chaque région. L’analyse des résultats montre aussi que l’on peut obtenir un bon niveau de confort thermique, avec les matériaux locaux en améliorant un choix de la forme de l’habitat, son orientation et les dimensions des ouvertures.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117260">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jceco/article/view/133</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117261">
                <text>10.37138/jceco.v10i1.133</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256118">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/256</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256119">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v14i2.256</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117262">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256120">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117263">
                <text>جامعة الأمير عبد القادر للعلوم الإسلامية –قسنطينة</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256121">
                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117264">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jceco/article/view/133/68</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256122">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/256/1531</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117265">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256123">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256124">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117266">
                <text>مجلة الشريعة والاقتصاد ; مجلد 10 عدد 1 (2021): v10i12021; 11-44</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117267">
                <text>Journal Charia and Economics ; Vol. 10 No. 1 (2021): v10i12021; 11-44</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117268">
                <text>Journal of Charia and Economics ; Vol. 10 No 1 (2021): v10i12021; 11-44</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117269">
                <text>2588-2392</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117270">
                <text>2335-1624</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117271">
                <text>10.37138/jceco.v10i1</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256125">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 14 No. 2 (2011): Volume 14 (Regular); 239 – 248</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256126">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 14 No 2 (2011): Volume 14 (Regular); 239 – 248</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256127">
                <text>2716-8247</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256128">
                <text>1112-2242</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256129">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v14i2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117272">
                <text>Sharia Control</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117273">
                <text>Public Fund</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117274">
                <text>Islamic Economic</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117275">
                <text>Hisbah</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117276">
                <text>الرقابة الشرعية</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117277">
                <text>المال العام</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117278">
                <text>الاقتصاد الإسلامي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117279">
                <text>الحسبة</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256130">
                <text>Matériaux locaux</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256131">
                <text>Confort thermique</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256132">
                <text>Simulation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256133">
                <text>Efficacité énergétique</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256134">
                <text>Zone chaude</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117280">
                <text>أسس الرقابة على المال العام من منظور الاقتصاد الإسلامي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117281">
                <text>Principles of Shari’a Control over Public Funds from Islamic Economic View</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256135">
                <text>Matériaux de construction et confort thermique en zone chaude Application au cas des régions climatiques camerounaises</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117282">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117283">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117284">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256136">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256137">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="256117">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115913">
                  <text>Review Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="250599">
                  <text>Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117224">
                <text>Benali, AMINA</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256090">
                <text>Guerraiche, Djemaa</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256091">
                <text>Benderradji, Ammar</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256092">
                <text>Benmoussa, Hocine</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117225">
                <text>2021-12-30</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256093">
                <text>2023-10-24</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117226">
                <text>هده الورقة البحثية عبارة عن مسح لواقع التسويق الوردي في المجتمعات الإسلامية&amp;nbsp; وكيفية تطبيقه وفقا خصوصية المرأة المسلمة والتزاماتها الدينية، حيث نحاول إبراز خصوصيات هذا المفهوم الجديد و التعرف على عناصر المزيج التسويقي التي يرتكزعليها.نعاجل الموضوع بطريقة وصفية بدءا بتعر يف التسويق الوردي بصفة عامة، المنتوج الوردي، التسعري الوردي، الترويج الوردي والتوزيع الوردي مع التطرق إلى أمثلة حية توسع دائرة الرؤية إلى ممارسات تسويقية موجهة للمرأة المسلمة في مجتمعاتنا، ونخرج بذلك إلى بعض التوصيات الجادة.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117227">
                <text>This paper is a survey of the pink marketing’s reality in Islamic societies and how to apply it according to the Muslim women’s privacies and religious obligations, where we try to highlight the specificities of this new concept and show the pink marketing mix. This paper identifies the pink marketing , specially pink product, pink pricing, pink promotion and pink distribution and address many examples of Muslim women's marketing practices in our communities and we go out to do some serious recommendations.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256094">
                <text>Le présent travail propose une étude théorique de la conversion de l’énergie solaire en énergie thermique dans un champ de concentrateurs cylindro-parabolique (CCP). Il s’agit principalement de déterminer les performances intégrant les différents facteurs géométriques et optiques caractérisant le concentrateur solaire. Une méthode a été présentée pour le calcul de ces différents facteurs, notamment le facteur du cosinus de l’angle d’incidence et le facteur d’ombre. Un modèle de calcul du facteur d’interception a été développé. Les pertes thermiques ont été estimées analytiquement. La détermination des différents facteurs permet de remonter aux pertes thermiques, enfin aux performances du concentrateur.</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117228">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jceco/article/view/125</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117229">
                <text>10.37138/jceco.v10i2.125</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256096">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/255</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256097">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v14i2.255</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117230">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256098">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117231">
                <text>جامعة الأمير عبد القادر للعلوم الإسلامية –قسنطينة</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256099">
                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117232">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jceco/article/view/125/65</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256100">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/255/1530</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117233">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256101">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256102">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117234">
                <text>مجلة الشريعة والاقتصاد ; مجلد 10 عدد 2 (2021): v10i22021; 227-244</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117235">
                <text>Journal Charia and Economics ; Vol. 10 No. 2 (2021): v10i22021; 227-244</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117236">
                <text>Journal of Charia and Economics ; Vol. 10 No 2 (2021): v10i22021; 227-244</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117237">
                <text>2588-2392</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117238">
                <text>2335-1624</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117239">
                <text>10.37138/jceco.v10i2</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256103">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 14 No. 2 (2011): Volume 14 (Regular); 229 – 238</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256104">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 14 No 2 (2011): Volume 14 (Regular); 229 – 238</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256105">
                <text>2716-8247</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256106">
                <text>1112-2242</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256107">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v14i2</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117240">
                <text>Pink Marketing</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117241">
                <text>marketing-oriented to women</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117242">
                <text>Muslim women</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117243">
                <text>Islamic Marketing</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117244">
                <text>Islamic society</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117245">
                <text>التسويق الوردي</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117246">
                <text>التسويق الموجه للنساء</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117247">
                <text>المرأة المسلمة</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117248">
                <text>التسويق الإسلامي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117249">
                <text>المجتمع الإسلامي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256108">
                <text>Concentrateur cylindro-parabolique</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256109">
                <text>Facteurs optique et géométrique</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117250">
                <text>An examination of the rhetoric and “reality” of pink marketing in Islamic society</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117251">
                <text>التسويق الوردي بين المفهوم الأدبي والواقع في المجتمعات الإسلامية</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256110">
                <text>Facteurs optiques et géométriques caractérisant un concentrateur cylindro-parabolique</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117253">
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              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117254">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256111">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256112">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="256095">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115913">
                  <text>Review Articles</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="250599">
                  <text>Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117198">
                <text>الصليبي, خالد عبد الجابر</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117199">
                <text>أبو وردة, أسامة عصام</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256065">
                <text>Benhammou, Mohammed</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256066">
                <text>Draoui, Belkacem</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117200">
                <text>2021-12-30</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256067">
                <text>2023-10-24</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117201">
                <text>تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى بيان حكم انتفاع الشخص لحق نفسه بالأعضاء المستأصلة في عقوبة تعزيرية، كما تبين حقيقة العقوبة التعزيرية ودليل مشروعيتها وأسبابها وشروط وجوبها وصفتها، وهذا موضوع لم يتناوله الفقهاء الأوائل لعدم تصور وقوعه في زمنهم، ولكنه في زماننا أصبح محتمل الوقوع فكان هذا البحث. ومن أهم النتائج التي توصلنا إليها: لا يجوز انتفاع من قطع عضوه تعزيرا لحق نفسه، لأننا لم نقل بجواز قطع أحد أعضاء الجاني تعزيرا إلا بعدما تدرجنا معه في مراتب التعزير وأنواعه من حيث الوعظ والتوبيخ ثم السجن ثم التشهير ثم الصلب، فإذا قلنا بجواز إعادة ما قطع منه فقد أبطلنا المقصد الشرعي من هذا الحكم. ومن أهم التوصيات التي توصلنا إليها: بحث أثر القطع أو القتل تعزيرا على المجتمعات التي اشتهر فيها مروجو المخدرات بالتعدي على زهرات المجتمع.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117202">
                <text>The purpose of this study is to clarify the sentence of the reuse of the ablated organs in a discretionary (tazir) penalty. It also explains the fact of the discretionary penalty and its legitimacy, reasons, conditions and requirements and prescriptions.This topic was not addressed by the first jurists because it was not perceived in their time, but in our time, it became possible so this is the cause of this research.One of the most important results we have concluded: it is not permissible to use an ablated organ for the same one we ablated because we do not judge one of the perpetrator's organs only after we have dealt with him gradually in the grades of discretionary (ta'zir) and its types in terms of preaching, reproving then imprisonment then defamation then and finally crucifixion. If we judgeto reuse his ablated organ, we have cancelled the legitimate purpose of this sentence.One of the most important recommendations we have concluded: to examine the impact of cutting or killing in a discretionary penalty on the communities where drug dealers are known to infringe the society young women.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256068">
                <text>Vu le développement industriel et socioéconomique que connaissent plusieurs pays en voie de développement entre autres, l’Algérie, la demande en énergie est en pleine croissance. Les énergies conventionnelles d’origine fossile sont très polluantes et en voie de disparition dans quelques décennies. De ce fait, le recours aux énergies renouvelables est une bonne alternative, car ces énergies sont très économiques, disponibles en permanence et conservatrices de l’environnement. Une de ces énergies est la géothermie qui consiste à extraire les calories emmagasinées dans le sol, soit pour la production du chauffage dans les saisons froides, soit pour la production du froid dans les saisons chaudes. La détermination de la température en profondeur du sol nécessite la connaissance de la nature du sol. Comme cette dernière est souvent prise par défaut, il est donc important d’étudier son influence sur la température en profondeur du sol, ainsi que sur le déphasage et la profondeur de pénétration du signal de température. Dans ce contexte, on a réalisé cette étude sous les conditions météorologiques de la ville d’Adrar. Les résultats obtenus nous indiquent que la profondeur de pénétration annuelle de même que le déphasage sont beaucoup influencés par la nature du sol, alors que la température moyenne de la surface du sol y est insensible.</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117203">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jceco/article/view/124</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117204">
                <text>10.37138/jceco.v10i2.124</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256070">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/254</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256071">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v14i2.254</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117205">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256072">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117206">
                <text>جامعة الأمير عبد القادر للعلوم الإسلامية –قسنطينة</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256073">
                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117207">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jceco/article/view/124/64</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256074">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/254/1529</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117208">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256075">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256076">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117209">
                <text>مجلة الشريعة والاقتصاد ; مجلد 10 عدد 2 (2021): v10i22021; 201-226</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117210">
                <text>Journal Charia and Economics ; Vol. 10 No. 2 (2021): v10i22021; 201-226</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117211">
                <text>Journal of Charia and Economics ; Vol. 10 No 2 (2021): v10i22021; 201-226</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117212">
                <text>2588-2392</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117213">
                <text>2335-1624</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117214">
                <text>10.37138/jceco.v10i2</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256077">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 14 No. 2 (2011): Volume 14 (Regular); 219 – 228</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256078">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 14 No 2 (2011): Volume 14 (Regular); 219 – 228</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256079">
                <text>2716-8247</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256080">
                <text>1112-2242</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256081">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v14i2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117215">
                <text>The Ablated Organs</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117216">
                <text>Reuse Sentence Report</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117217">
                <text>الأعضاء المستأصلة</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117218">
                <text>الانتفاع بإعادتها</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256082">
                <text>Géothermie</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256083">
                <text>Profondeur de pénétration</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256084">
                <text>Déphasage</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256085">
                <text>Température du sol</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256086">
                <text>Nature du sol</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117219">
                <text>الأعضاء المستأصلة في عقوبة تعزيرية وبيان حكم الانتفاع بإعادتها</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117220">
                <text>The Ablated Organs in Razir Penalties and Reuse Sentence Report</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256087">
                <text>Modélisation de la température en profondeur du sol pour la région d’Adrar - Effet de la nature du sol</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117221">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117222">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117223">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256088">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256089">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="256069">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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      <elementSetContainer>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115913">
                  <text>Review Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="250599">
                  <text>Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
                </elementText>
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      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117169">
                <text>بن الشيخ, بوبكر الصديق</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256039">
                <text>Abdelkrim, Thameur</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256040">
                <text>Berkouk, El Madjid</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256041">
                <text>Aliouane, Kamel</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256042">
                <text>Benamrane, Karima</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256043">
                <text>Benslimane, Tarak</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117170">
                <text>2021-12-30</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256044">
                <text>2023-10-24</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117171">
                <text>هدفت الدراسة تحليل العلاقة بين إدارة أموال الزكاة ومساهمة صندوق الزكاة في التنمية والتخفيف من حدة الفقر في ولاية جيجل،تكون مجتمع الدراسة من كافة العاملين في صندوق الزكاة في ولاية جيجل،والبالغ عددهم 157موظف،تم توزيع استمارة على 157 مفردة لجمع البيانات اللازمة واختبار فرضيات الدراسة. خلصت الدراسة إلى وجود علاقة موجبة بين إدارة أموال الزكاة كمتغير مستقل ومساهمة صندوق الزكاة في التنمية والتخفيف من حدة الفقر كمتغير تابع</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117172">
                <text>This study is aimed to identify the relationship between management of zakat funds and contribution of the zakat fund in the development and talking poverty. The study population of all workers in zakat fund of the mandate of jijel, which totaled to (157) employees. A questionnaire has been developed to collect the needed data for (157) employees in zakat fund of the mandate of jijil,In order to achieve the objectives of the study and to test its hypotheses. The findings of this study indicated that there is statistically significant positive relationship when(α≤0.05) between each of the following independent variable and dependent variable</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256045">
                <text>Dans cet article, nous proposons de développer une stratégie de commande par Modulation de Largeurs d’Impulsions (MLI) vectorielle de l’onduleur de tension triphasé à trois niveaux à structure NPC. Nous commençons par présenter la structure ainsi que le modèle de ce convertisseur. Par la suite, nous développons les différentes étapes de l’algorithme proposé que nous avons implémentés. Enfin, des résultats expérimentaux justifiants la fidélité du modèle sont présentés.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117173">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jceco/article/view/123</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117174">
                <text>10.37138/jceco.v10i2.123</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256047">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/253</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256048">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v14i2.253</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117175">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256049">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117176">
                <text>جامعة الأمير عبد القادر للعلوم الإسلامية –قسنطينة</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256050">
                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117177">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jceco/article/view/123/63</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/253/1528</text>
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                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 14 No. 2 (2011): Volume 14 (Regular); 211 – 217</text>
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                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 14 No 2 (2011): Volume 14 (Regular); 211 – 217</text>
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                <text>الزكاة</text>
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                <text>إدارة أموال الزكاة</text>
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                <text>المساهمة في التنمية والتخفيف من الفقر</text>
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                <text>contribute to the development</text>
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                <text>Onduleur à trois niveaux</text>
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                <text>العلاقة بين إدارة أموال الزكاة ومساهمة صندوق الزكاة في التنمية ومعالجة الفقر: دراسة حالة صندوق الزكاة لولاية جيجل</text>
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                <text>The relationship between management of zakat funds and contribution of the zakat fund in the development and talking poverty: A case study of the zakat fund mandate of jijel</text>
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                <text>Etude et réalisation d’un onduleur à trois niveaux commandé par MLI vectorielle</text>
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                  <text>Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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                <text>بوزغار, دليلة</text>
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                <text>Ould Brahim, Mohamed Sidya</text>
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                <text>Niang, Fadel</text>
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                <text>Sissoko, Grégoire</text>
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                <text>2023-10-24</text>
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                <text>العلاقة الزوجية آية من آيات الله عزوجل فيجب التفكر فيها لقوله تعالى : " وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ أَنْ خَلَقَ لَكُمْ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ أَزْوَاجًا لِتَسْكُنُوا إِلَيْهَا وَجَعَلَ بَيْنَكُمْ مَوَدَّةً وَرَحْمَةً إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ " ؛ ذلك أنّها تقوم بين شخصين مختلفين في الجنس والبيئة وطريقة التربية وغيرها من الأمور الخلقية والخلقية, والمطلوب منهما أن يشكلا مؤسسة منسجمة ومترابطة لها دور كبير في تحقيق السلم والأمن, فإذا أخلت بدورها فإنّ ذلك سيؤثر حتما بالسلب على الأفراد ،ومن ثم المجتمعات؛ فتنتج كثير من المظاهر السلبية من بينها ما يسمى بالعنف الأسري والذي بدوره يؤدي إلى الانحراف والإجرام والكثير من الآفات الاجتماعية . وهذا ما تؤكده الدراسات النفسية والتربوية الحديثة... ومن ثم تطرح عدة تساؤلات : ما هو العنف الأسري ؟ وماهي أنواعه، وماهي أسبابه؟ وما آثاره ؟، وماهي طرق علاجه ؟. هذا ما أحاول الإجابة عليه من خلال هذه الورقة البحثية مع محاولة الإشارة لدراسات ميدانية للظاهرة.</text>
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                <text>The marital relationship is one of the prodigies of Allah which we have to contemplate as Allah said: “And among His Signs is this, that He created for you wives from among yourselves, that you may find repose in them; and He has put between you affection and mercy. Verily, in that are indeed signs for a people who reflect” (Sûrah 30. Ar-Rûm). It is a relationship between two persons who are distinct in gender, environment, education, and in many physical and mental aspects, and these persons-man and woman- are supposed to form a harmonious and interrelated institution that has a major role in achieving peace and security. Thus, if the role of this institution is impaired, individuals and societies will be negatively affected, and therefore, many negative phenomena will occur such as Domestic violence which in turn leads to delinquency, criminality, and other social ills; this is confirmed by modern psychological and educational studies. Based on the foregoing, several questions raised like: What is domestic violence? Its types? Its causes? Its effects? and what are the ways of treating it?. This paper tries to answer the previously mentioned questions, and to present some field studies of the phenomenon.</text>
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                <text>Les isolants thermiques filasse-plâtre (la filasse est constituée de fibres végétales) et kapok-plâtre (le kapok est le fruit d’un arbre) sont caractérisés en régime dynamique fréquentiel à partir du coefficient global d’échange thermique. Les valeurs limites du coefficient global d’échange thermique sont obtenues à partir des diagrammes Bode. Les représentations de Nyquist ont permis de déterminer les résistances série et shunt du système matériau soumis aux sollicitations climatiques extérieures. Le modèle électrique équivalent proposé traduit le comportement du système thermique d’un point de vue électrique.</text>
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                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jceco/article/view/122</text>
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                <text>10.37138/jceco.v10i2.122</text>
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                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/252</text>
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                <text>10.54966/jreen.v14i2.252</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117146">
                <text>ara</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256022">
                <text>eng</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117147">
                <text>جامعة الأمير عبد القادر للعلوم الإسلامية –قسنطينة</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256023">
                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
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            <description>A related resource</description>
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                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jceco/article/view/122/62</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
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                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256025">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
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                <text>مجلة الشريعة والاقتصاد ; مجلد 10 عدد 2 (2021): v10i22021; 162-181</text>
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                <text>Journal of Charia and Economics ; Vol. 10 No 2 (2021): v10i22021; 162-181</text>
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                <text>2588-2392</text>
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                <text>2335-1624</text>
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                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 14 No. 2 (2011): Volume 14 (Regular); 203 – 210</text>
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                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 14 No 2 (2011): Volume 14 (Regular); 203 – 210</text>
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                <text>2716-8247</text>
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                <text>10.54966/jreen.v14i2</text>
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                <text>العنف</text>
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                <text>الأسرة</text>
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                <text>الأسباب</text>
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                <text>Violence</text>
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                <text>the family</text>
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                <text>the causes</text>
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                <text>methods of treatmen</text>
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                <text>Régime dynamique fréquentiel</text>
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                <text>Impédance thermique</text>
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                <text>Représentation de Nyquist</text>
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                <text>Coefficient global d’échange thermique</text>
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                <text>العنف الأسري أسبابه وطرق علاجه</text>
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                <text>The domestic violence: Its causes, the ways of treating it</text>
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                <text>Evolution des coefficients globaux d’échange Thermique des matériaux kapok-plâtre et filasse-plâtre en régime dynamique fréquentiel</text>
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                <text>بابطين, خالد</text>
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                <text>Hamouda, Messaoud</text>
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                <text>Saïdi, Lamir</text>
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                <text>Louchene, Ahmed</text>
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                <text>Hamouda, Chaâbane</text>
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                <text>Malek, Ali</text>
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                <text>2023-10-24</text>
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                <text>إن تعليل الأحكام الفقهية من الأهمية بمكان، فلقد اجتهد الفقهاء – على اختلاف مذاهبهم – في كتب الفروع في تعليل أحكامهم؛ لبيان مقاصد الشرع، والوقوف على أسرار التشريع الإسلامي، والتأكد على أنه جاء مراعيًا لمصالح المكلفين في العاجل والآجل. وقد جاءت هذه الدراسة لتسليط الضوء على منهج الحنابلة في تعليل الأحكام، وتأصيل مفهوم التعليل عند الفقهاء، وأهمية إبراز ذلك الأمر، مع ذكر نماذج تطبيقية لتعليل أحكامهم الفقهية في العبادات والمعاملات. وقد كانت في ثلاثة مباحث: الأول: مفهوم تعليل الأحكام الفقهية، وانضوى تحته أربعة مطالب. والثاني: منهج الحنابلة في تعليل الأحكام الفقهية، وانضوى تحته ثلاثة مطالب. والمبحث الثالث والأخير: نماذج تطبيقية لتعليل الأحكام عند الحنابلة في العبادات والمعاملات، وانضوى تحته مطلبان. وقد توصل الباحث إلى أن الحنابلة اعتنوا بتعليل الأحكام الفقهية تبعًا لإمامهم (الإمام أحمد بن حنبل)، وأسوة بغيرهم من الفقهاء، لاسيما فقهاء الحنفية الذين يتوسعون في تعليل الأحكام، كما ظهر للباحث عناية شيخ الإسلام ابن تيمية، وتلميذه ابن القيم – وهما من متوسطي الحنابلة – بتعليل الأحكام، وبيان مقاصد الشريعة، ومراميها العظيمة.</text>
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                <text>Justification of the jurisprudential rulings is of great importance; The jurists - of different schools of thought - have worked hard in the books of the branches in justifying their rulings. To clarify the purposes of the Sharia, to identify the secrets of Islamic legislation, and to ensure that it came in consideration of the interests of those of responsible age now and in the future. This study sheds light on the Hanbalis approach in justifying rulings, and rooting the concept of worship and transactions. It is divided into three topics: The first topic: the concept of justification of jurisprudential rulings, including four demands.The second topic: the Hanbali approach in justifying the jurisprudential rulings, including three demands. The third topic: applied models for the justification of the rulings of the Hanbalis in worship and transactions, including two demands. The researcher concluded that the Hanbalis took care of justifying the jurisprudential rulings according to their imam (Imam Ahmed bin Hanbal), and just as other jurists, especially the Hanafi jurists who expanded on the justification of the rulings. The researcher also showed the care of Sheikh Al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah and his student Ibn Al-Qayyim - who are the mid Hanbalis - by justifying the rulings, and clarifying the purposes of Sharia and its great goals.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="255990">
                <text>Les systèmes photovoltaïques utilisés dans la production décentralisée de l’énergie électrique ont connu, durant cette dernière décennie, un développement considérable. Dans le mix d’énergie qu’auront les compagnies d’électricité à exploiter dans l’avenir, les énergies renouvelables, par leur instabilité et leur discontinuité, poseront des problèmes nouveaux, en termes de gestion et de qualité de service. Dans ce travail, réalisé au laboratoire photovoltaïque, de l’Université de Batna, nous présentons les résultats d’une étude expérimentale sur les performances énergétiques d’un système photovoltaïque de 1,6 kWc, avec injection dans le réseau. Ce dernier comporte une unité de gestion d’énergie, réalisé à base de PIC. Sa fonction est de remédier aux déficits d’énergie et d’assurer une continuité dans l’approvisionnement. L’ensemble du système communique avec un ordinateur PC, afin de visualiser en ligne les paramètres système à gérer.</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117112">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jceco/article/view/121</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117113">
                <text>10.37138/jceco.v10i2.121</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="255992">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/251</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="255993">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v14i2.251</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117114">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="255994">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117115">
                <text>جامعة الأمير عبد القادر للعلوم الإسلامية –قسنطينة</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="255995">
                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117116">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/jceco/article/view/121/61</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="255996">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/251/1526</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117117">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="255997">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="255998">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="117118">
                <text>مجلة الشريعة والاقتصاد ; مجلد 10 عدد 2 (2021): v10i22021; 130-161</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117119">
                <text>Journal Charia and Economics ; Vol. 10 No. 2 (2021): v10i22021; 130-161</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117120">
                <text>Journal of Charia and Economics ; Vol. 10 No 2 (2021): v10i22021; 130-161</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117121">
                <text>2588-2392</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117122">
                <text>2335-1624</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117123">
                <text>10.37138/jceco.v10i2</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="255999">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 14 No. 2 (2011): Volume 14 (Regular); 187 – 202</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256000">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 14 No 2 (2011): Volume 14 (Regular); 187 – 202</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256001">
                <text>2716-8247</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256002">
                <text>1112-2242</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256003">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v14i2</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117124">
                <text>تعليل</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117125">
                <text>أحكام</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117126">
                <text>الحنابلة</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117127">
                <text>فقهية</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117128">
                <text>عبادات</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117129">
                <text>معاملات</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117130">
                <text>Justification</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117131">
                <text>Rulings</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117132">
                <text>Hanbalis</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117133">
                <text>Jurisprudential</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117134">
                <text>Worships</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256004">
                <text>Systèmes PV</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256005">
                <text>Gestion d’énergie</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256006">
                <text>Mesures des performances énergétiques</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117135">
                <text>تعليل الأحكام الفقهية عند الحنابلة: دراسة تأصيلية مع نماذج تطبيقية على العبادات والمعاملات</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117136">
                <text>Justification of jurisprudential rulings according to the Hanbalis: Fundamental study with applied models on worship and transactions</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="256007">
                <text>Etude et réalisation d’un système intelligent d’alimentation en énergie électrique d’une habitation en milieu urbain avec injection dans le réseau</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117137">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="117138">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="117139">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256008">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="256009">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="255991">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
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