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                <text>Ouahabi, Yasmine Ryma</text>
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                <text>Maamir, Noureddine Wail</text>
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                <text>Bensadok, Kenza</text>
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                <text>Le présent travail consiste à étudier la bio méthanisation, appliquée, aux déchets d’abattoirs, qui peuvent engendrer de grands risques sanitaires et environnementaux, s’ils ne sont pas correctement pris en charge. Du fait qu’ils se décomposent rapidement et peuvent être porteurs d’agents pathogènes et autres contaminants. Le procédé de digestion anaérobie, offre la possibilité de combiner le traitement de ces déchets et la production d’une énergie renouvelable qui est le biogaz. Le but de la présente étude est d’optimiser le taux de dilution des déchets d’abattoirs pour une production maximale en biogaz; les taux expérimentés étant:100%, 75%, et 25%. L’inoculum utilisé pour la digestion de ces déchets est du fumier de bovin digéré jusqu’à épuisement. Le meilleur résultat a été obtenu avec les déchets d’abattoir non dilués, et qui a conduit aux meilleurs taux d’abattement de la matière sèche, de la matière organique, de la DCO et de la DBO5 et correspondant respectivement à 58.83, 67.85, 29.15 et 19.04%.</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>eng</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284341">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 19 No. 1 (2016): Volume 19 (Regular); 111 – 118</text>
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                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 19 No 1 (2016): Volume 19 (Regular); 111 – 118</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284345">
                <text>2716-8247</text>
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                <text>1112-2242</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284348">
                <text>Anaérobie digestion</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284349">
                <text>Biogas</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284350">
                <text>Slaughterhouse waste</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284351">
                <text>Etude du potentiel biométhane des déchets d’abattoirs</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284303">
                <text>Zarrit, Rida</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284304">
                <text>Boumaza, Mohamed Seghir</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284305">
                <text>Kherrour, Sofiane</text>
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                <text>Dadda, Bachir</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2023-10-17</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284308">
                <text>Dans ce travail, nous étudions numériquement la convection naturelle instationnaire et bidimensionnelle dans une cavité rectangulaire inclinée et chauffée différentiellement. Le nombre de Rayleigh varie entre 103 &amp;lt;= Ra &amp;lt;= 104, le rapport de forme (1 &amp;lt;= A &amp;lt;= 6) et l’angle d’inclinaison  comprise entre =0° et 180°. En utilisant l’approximation de Boussinesq, les équations de Navier Stokes sont écrites avec la formulation fonction de courant-vorticité (-), puis elles sont discrétisées par la méthode des différences finies. Nos calculs mettent en évidence l’influence de l’angle d’inclinaison et le rapport de forme sur la structure de l’écoulement et le transfert de chaleur.</text>
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            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284310">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/551</text>
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                <text>10.54966/jreen.v19i1.551</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284312">
                <text>eng</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284313">
                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
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            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284314">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/551/1235</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284315">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284316">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
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                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 19 No. 1 (2016): Volume 19 (Regular); 97 – 109</text>
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                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 19 No 1 (2016): Volume 19 (Regular); 97 – 109</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284319">
                <text>2716-8247</text>
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                <text>1112-2242</text>
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                <text>10.54966/jreen.v19i1</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284322">
                <text>Natural convection</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284323">
                <text>Inclined cavity</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284324">
                <text>Finite differences</text>
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                <text>Boussinesq approximation</text>
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                <text>Aspect ratio</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284327">
                <text>Convection naturelle dans une cavité rectangulaire inclinée de différents rapports de forme</text>
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          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284328">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284329">
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115958">
                  <text>Short Communication</text>
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      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Simo-Tagne, Merlin</text>
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                <text>Zoulalian, André</text>
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                <text>Rogaume, Yann</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284276">
                <text>Rémond, Romain</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284277">
                <text>Bonoma, Beguide</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284278">
                <text>2023-10-17</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Les bois tropicaux sont largement produits dans le bassin du Congo et en Amazonie et leurs exportations sont source de beaucoup d’argent. Il est important de réduire les pertes suite à une utilisation d’un bon processus de séchage lié aux conditions de l’environnement (température et humidité relative de l’air). Dans ce travail, nous modélisons les isothermes de sorption de six bois tropicaux (Sapele, Afzelia, Obeche, Ebony, Frake et Moabi) en utilisant onze modèles, les points expérimentaux sont prix dans la littérature avec la température de l’air comprise entre 15 et 60°C et l’humidité relative de l’air comprise entre 0.02 et 0.98 %. Selon les valeurs moyennes des erreurs obtenues, les modèles de GAB, Luikov modifié et de Nelson sont les meilleurs modèles recommandés pour traduire les isothermes de sorption des bois tropicaux. Les mauvais modèles sont les modèles d’Halsey modifié, Smith modifié, GAB modifié et le modèle d’Iglesias, Chirife et Halsey. Les modèles qui donnent une description assez satisfaisante sont ceux de Henderson modifié, Oswin modifié et Chung et Pfost modifié. Le modèle de BET est approprié pour estimer la teneur en eau d’équilibre lorsque la monocouche est saturée. Les valeurs des énergies d’activation obtenues sont rangées entre 8420 et 13911 J/mol lors de la désorption et entre 3266 et 6499 J/mol lors de l’adsorption. Les points de saturation des fibres (PSF) et les énergies libres de Gibbs par gramme d’eau adsorbée obtenus décroisent lorsqu’augmente la température à une humidité relative de l’air donnée. Les PSF obtenus sont confinés entre 0.16 et 0.33 kg/kg. Les valeurs moyennes des énergies libres de Gibbs par gramme d’eau absorbée varient de 149 à 206 cal/g. la différence des enthalpies molaires de sorption entre les monocouches et les multicouches au-delà de la saturation de la monocouche est en général supérieure de la différence entre les enthalpies molaires de sorption des multicouches au-delà de la saturation de la monocouche et l’eau à l’état liquide. La teneur en eau d’équilibre au niveau de la saturation de la monocouche est située entre 0.025 et 0.08 kg/kg. A de faibles teneurs en eau, la chaleur isostérique de sorption des bois étudiés est importante et décroît avec une convergence vers 1760 kJ/kg à 40°C lorsqu’augmente la teneur en eau d’équilibre. La température influence la chaleur isostérique de sorption des bois tropicaux étudiés. Les humidités des planches recherchées durant leur séchage sont fonction du milieu d’utilisation (ville, intérieur, extérieur, intérieur conditionné). Ces valeurs sont présentées dans la dernière partie de ce papier.</text>
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                <text>application/pdf</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/550</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284283">
                <text>eng</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
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                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/550/1234</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284286">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284287">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284288">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 19 No. 1 (2016): Volume 19 (Regular); 79 – 96</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284289">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 19 No 1 (2016): Volume 19 (Regular); 79 – 96</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284290">
                <text>2716-8247</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284291">
                <text>1112-2242</text>
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                <text>10.54966/jreen.v19i1</text>
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                <text>Modélisation</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284294">
                <text>Isothermes de sorption</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284295">
                <text>Paramètres thermodynamiques</text>
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                <text>Humidités d’usage</text>
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                <text>Humidité relative</text>
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                <text>Température</text>
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                <text>Bois tropicaux</text>
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                <text>Modélisation des isothermes de sorption, caractérisation des propriétés thermodynamiques et détermination des humidités d’équilibre d’usage des bois tropicaux</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284246">
                <text>Diaf, Abderrahmane</text>
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                <text>Aburideh, Hanane</text>
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                <text>Benabdelaziz, Ferhat Kamel</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Sizeable amounts of brackish water resources are found and distributed over vast cross-national regions in the Sahara desert of Northern Africa. These salty waters can be found sometimes as natural spring water on the surface while the underground aquifers, which can be reached at a hundred meters deep, represent in essence a sea of brackish water beneath the searing desert sands and rocks. These regions of the Sahara desert are characterized by very limited or total lack of rainfall which makes these underground aquifers invaluable and at the same time extremely vulnerable since the natural replenishment process is for all practical purposes inexistent. The brackish waters of these aquifers contain high levels of salt which makes them inappropriate for domestic usage and detrimental to plants or other gardening/agricultural activities. However, the abundant sunshine of the desert can be harnessed to operate solar distillation equipments to produce fresh water. This study presents a theoretical analysis of a new solar desalination equipment that is based on the evaporation/condensation process. Performance results as well as a cost evaluation are reported.</text>
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                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/549</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284253">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v19i1.549</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284254">
                <text>eng</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284255">
                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284256">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/549/1233</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284257">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284258">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284259">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 19 No. 1 (2016): Volume 19 (Regular); 69 - 77</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284260">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 19 No 1 (2016): Volume 19 (Regular); 69 - 77</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284261">
                <text>2716-8247</text>
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                <text>1112-2242</text>
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                <text>10.54966/jreen.v19i1</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284264">
                <text>Brackish water</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284265">
                <text>Desalination</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284266">
                <text>Energy storage</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284267">
                <text>Solar distillation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284268">
                <text>Solar desalination</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284269">
                <text>Solar heat storage</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284270">
                <text>Brackish water desalination using solar energy</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284271">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="115958">
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                  <text>Articles</text>
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      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284221">
                <text>Diallo, Bassirou</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284222">
                <text>Samba, Samba Arona Ndiaye</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284223">
                <text>Sane, Djibril</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284224">
                <text>2023-10-17</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284225">
                <text>Contexte- La salinité constitue un des principaux facteurs abiotiques limitant la croissance et le rendement des espèces végétales. Les champignons Mycorhizes Arbusculaires, ‘MA’ peuvent réduire les pertes de rendement des végétaux soumis au stress salin. Objectif- Cette étude a été menée pour évaluer les effets des champignons MA (Glomus aggregatum: Ga, G. fasciculatum: Gf, G. intraradices: Gi, G. mosseae: Gmo, Glomus spp: Gspp et G. verriculosum: Gv) sur le développement de plants de ricin élevés sous contrainte saline. Méthodologie et Résultats- Les plants ont été cultivés en serre durant 4 mois sous différentes contraintes salines (NaCl à 0 ; 50 et 100 mM). Les résultats ont montré que la mycorhization améliore la croissance et le développement des plants de ricin soumis à un stress salin. En présence de NaCl 50 mM, l’accession 1 présente un développement significativement plus important avec Glomus spp. Par contre, c’est en présence de Glomus intraradices que les plants de l’accession 7 présentent une meilleure croissance. Conclusion et Application- Les champignons MA permettent d’optimiser la productivité des plants de ricin cultivés dans des conditions de stress salin. Ces résultats pourraient être utilisés dans les programmes de production de biocarburant et récupération des terres salées au Sénégal.</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>application/pdf</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284227">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/548</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284228">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v19i1.548</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284229">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284230">
                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284231">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/548/1232</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284232">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284233">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284234">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 19 No. 1 (2016): Volume 19 (Regular); 59 – 68</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284235">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 19 No 1 (2016): Volume 19 (Regular); 59 – 68</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284236">
                <text>2716-8247</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284237">
                <text>1112-2242</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284238">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v19i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284239">
                <text>Arbuscular mycorrhiza</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284240">
                <text>Ricinus communis L.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284241">
                <text>Salt stress</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284242">
                <text>Sahel</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284243">
                <text>Effets de champignons MA sur la croissance et le développement de plants de ricin élevés sous contrainte saline en conditions semi-contrôlées</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284244">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284245">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
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      <elementSetContainer>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115958">
                  <text>Short Communication</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="255275">
                  <text>Articles</text>
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      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284194">
                <text>Soulouknga, Marcel Hamda</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284195">
                <text>Kidmo Kaoga, Dieudonné</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284196">
                <text>Djongyang, Noël</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284197">
                <text>Yamigno Doka, Serge</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284198">
                <text>2023-10-17</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284199">
                <text>Au vu des potentiels énergétiques solaires, géothermiques et éoliens existants au Tchad, leurs utilisations pour le développement économique de certaines zones semblent favorables. Dans ce papier, les caractéristiques du vent sont analysées en utilisant les données de la vitesse du vent recueillies pour chacune des trois zones agro-climatiques du Tchad et disponibles pour au moins 19 ans (19 ans pour la Zone Saharienne, 21 ans pour la Zone Sahélienne et 21 ans pour la Zone Soudanienne). La distribution de Weibull est utilisée pour modéliser la vitesse du vent à ces trois zones du Tchad. Les paramètres de forme et d’échelle ont été estimés en utilisant la méthode de densité de puissance ou facteur d’énergie. L’objectif de cet article est de comparer les potentialités énergétiques éoliennes des trois zones du Tchad. Il a été observé que les paramètres de forme et d’échelle varient considérablement au cours d’un mois. Ainsi, ces paramètres pour les trois zones sont respectivement 3.746 et 3.598 m/s en Zone Saharienne, 4.233 et 3.572 m/s en Zone Sahélienne et 3.101 et 3.008 m/s en zone Soudanienne. On remarque que les zones les plus ventées sont les zones Saharienne et Sahélienne avec une vitesse moyenne du vent de l’ordre de 3.25 m/s. L’extrapolation de la vitesse du vent et des paramètres de Weibull augmente avec l’altitude et par conséquent, la densité de puissance également.</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284200">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284201">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/547</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284202">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v19i1.547</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284203">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284204">
                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284205">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/547/1231</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284206">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284207">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284208">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 19 No. 1 (2016): Volume 19 (Regular); 49 – 58</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284209">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 19 No 1 (2016): Volume 19 (Regular); 49 – 58</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284210">
                <text>2716-8247</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284211">
                <text>1112-2242</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284212">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v19i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284213">
                <text>Distribution de Weibull</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284214">
                <text>Méthode de la densité de puissance</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284215">
                <text>Energie éolienne</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284216">
                <text>Extrapolation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284217">
                <text>Vitesse du vent</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284218">
                <text>Comparaison du potentiel énergétique éolien des trois zones climatiques du Tchad</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284219">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284220">
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                <text>Ghodbane, Mokhtar</text>
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                <text>The convergent-divergent nozzles have many industrial uses such as wind turbine, the blades of turbine engines, aircraft wings and screw propeller. The main objective of this study is to identify and evaluate the physical properties of the compressible flow of an ideal gas in a one-dimensional Laval nozzle in terms of its physical and geometrical parameter. This paper will enable us to identify and determine the causes of right shockwave phenomenon. After simplify of the energy balance equations of gas dynamics, Matlab™ was used as a tool for programming. The numerical method for the resolution is based on the iterative method with an error (E=10-5). Numerical results were compared to the modeling results of CFD ‘Fluent’. The results were satisfactory.</text>
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                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284179">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284180">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
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                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 19 No. 1 (2016): Volume 19 (Regular); 41 – 47</text>
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                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 19 No 1 (2016): Volume 19 (Regular); 41 – 47</text>
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                <text>2716-8247</text>
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                <text>1112-2242</text>
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                <text>10.54966/jreen.v19i1</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Tuyère de Laval</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284187">
                <text>Ecoulement compressible</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284188">
                <text>Nombre de Mach</text>
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                <text>Vitesse</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284190">
                <text>Pression</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284191">
                <text>Physical description of an isentropic flow in a Laval nozzle</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Short Communication</text>
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      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284143">
                <text>Seddiki, Mohamed</text>
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                <text>Anouche, Karima</text>
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                <text>Bennadji, Amar</text>
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                <text>En Algérie, le secteur résidentiel et tertiaire est le secteur le plus énergivore avec une consommation de 34 % de l’énergie finale, pour réduire cette consommation, l’état prévoit un programme de rénovation thermique des bâtiments existants. Sachant que le parc existant compte 1.050.000 habitations en maçonnerie construits avant 1945 et que ces mêmes habitations sont sujettes à un programme de réhabilitation; la rénovation thermique de ces derniers permettrait à la fois, leurs préservations et la réduction de leurs consommations énergétiques. La rénovation thermique des bâtiments en maçonnerie est une décision complexe, elle nécessite une approche globale car elle implique simultanément une multitude de critères (consommation d'énergie, le coût d'investissement, etc), y compris des risques liés à la préservation du patrimoine tel que la perte des caractéristiques esthétiques des bâtiments et des dommages structurels au niveau des murs, du plancher, ou de la toiture en raison de l’accumulation de l’humidité. Cet article propose une méthode d’aide à la décision basée sur les méthodes Promethee (Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation) pour la rénovation thermique des bâtiments en maçonnerie à valeur patrimoniale. Le but de cette méthode est de classer les différentes solutions de rénovation thermique. La méthode utilise une approche multicritères qui prend en compte les risques liés à la préservation du patrimoine. Une étude de cas a été menée afin de tester la méthode, comme espéré la méthode fonctionne, il a était possible d’obtenir un classement complet des solutions de rénovation thermique.</text>
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            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>application/pdf</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284149">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/545</text>
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                <text>10.54966/jreen.v19i1.545</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284151">
                <text>eng</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284152">
                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
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                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/545/1229</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284154">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284155">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
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              <elementText elementTextId="284156">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 19 No. 1 (2016): Volume 19 (Regular); 29 – 40</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284157">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 19 No 1 (2016): Volume 19 (Regular); 29 – 40</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284158">
                <text>2716-8247</text>
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                <text>1112-2242</text>
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                <text>10.54966/jreen.v19i1</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284161">
                <text>Rénovation thermique</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284162">
                <text>Préservation du patrimoine</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284163">
                <text>Bâtiments en maçonnerie</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284164">
                <text>Méthodes Promethee</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284165">
                <text>Aide à la décision multicritère</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284166">
                <text>Evaluation multicritère pour la rénovation thermique des bâtiments en maçonnerie</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284167">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284168">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115958">
                  <text>Short Communication</text>
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      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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    <elementSetContainer>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284116">
                <text>Belhaj, Ismail</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284117">
                <text>El Fatni, Omkaltoume</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284118">
                <text>Barhmi, Soukaina</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284119">
                <text>Saidi, El Hassane</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284120">
                <text>2023-10-17</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284121">
                <text>We investigate the forecasting of the hourly Direct Normal Irradiation (DNI) using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). The data used are hourly satellite data for the region of Ouarzazate in the South West Mediterranean basin region. The database is a total of 19 years. A feed-forward multilayer Perceptron is used with ten input parameters. The results show a very good accuracy for the four seasons of the years forecasted.</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284122">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284123">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/544</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284124">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v19i1.544</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284125">
                <text>eng</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284126">
                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
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            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284127">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/544/1228</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284128">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284129">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284130">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 19 No. 1 (2016): Volume 19 (Regular); 21 – 28</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284131">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 19 No 1 (2016): Volume 19 (Regular); 21 – 28</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284132">
                <text>2716-8247</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284133">
                <text>1112-2242</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284134">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v19i1</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284135">
                <text>Forecasting</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284136">
                <text>Artificial neural networks</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284137">
                <text>Direct normal irradiation (DNI)</text>
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                <text>Backpropagation</text>
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                <text>Perceptron</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284140">
                <text>A direct normal irradiation forecasting model based on artificial neural networks</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Short Communication</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284090">
                <text>Oudrane, Abdellatif</text>
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                <text>Aour, Benaoumeur</text>
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                <text>Hamouda, Messaoud</text>
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                <text>Benhamou, Mohamed</text>
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                <text>L’objectif de ce présent travail est la détermination de l’écartement optimal des tubes de la grille de chauffage afin d’obtenir une bonne efficacité thermique de l’installation du Plancher Solaire Direct (PSD). Pour atteindre cet objectif, nous avons établi une méthodologie adéquate pour bien dimensionner et optimiser les paramètres géométriques et thermiques de l’installation solaire, PSD. Cette dernière a été implémentée dans un code de calcul afin d’automatiser la procédure d’optimisation. Il est à noter, que la technique adoptée est basée sur la procédure de calcul des planchers solaires directs de l’E.S.I.M. L’application a été faite pour des données climatiques de la région d’Adrar. Une étude détaillée des performances énergétiques du PSD a été présentée. L’influence des différents paramètres, à savoir, l’énergie solaire reçue, la température extérieure, ainsi que l’écartement des tubes de la grille de chauffage sur l’efficacité d’un tel système du point de vue température superficielle et rendement thermique, a été présentée graphiquement et discutée. Les résultats théoriques obtenus, nous nous sommes permis de définir l’écartement optimal des tubes de la grille de chauffage.</text>
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                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/543</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284098">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v19i1.543</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284099">
                <text>eng</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Renewable Energy Development Center</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284101">
                <text>https://revue.cder.dz/index.php/rer/article/view/543/1227</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284102">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Renewable Energies</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284103">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="48">
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                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 19 No. 1 (2016): Volume 19 (Regular); 11 – 19</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284105">
                <text>Journal of Renewable Energies; Vol. 19 No 1 (2016): Volume 19 (Regular); 11 – 19</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284106">
                <text>2716-8247</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284107">
                <text>1112-2242</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="284108">
                <text>10.54966/jreen.v19i1</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
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                <text>PSD</text>
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                <text>Energie solaire</text>
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                <text>Performances énergétiques</text>
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                <text>E.S.I.M.</text>
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                <text>Méthodologie pour la détermination de l’écartement optimal de la chaîne tubulaire d’une dalle chauffante</text>
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