<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://ajpsdz.org/dx/items/browse?collection=51&amp;output=omeka-xml&amp;page=33" accessDate="2026-09-28T12:38:57+00:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>33</pageNumber>
      <perPage>10</perPage>
      <totalResults>558</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="7102" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="51">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115964">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="303802">
                  <text>Traduction et Langues</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312300">
                <text>Hadj Aissa , Zohra</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312303">
                <text>2012-08-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312305">
                <text>How to Translate Evolutionary Concepts? In search of a unified theory or a metatheory in translation studies
The development of epistemic vigilance in the context of research requires attention to content and reasoning, an application of each of the theories and their contributions in particular fields, and a reconsideration of procedures according to actual, recent, evolving and complex research. The new epistemological paradigms make it necessary to stop to reconsider the evolution in the translation studies and to undertake at the same time a reflexive and profound analysis of one's vision of man, time and space, of the translator, of the process and of the interpretation with a cognitive, psychological, social and translational vision. Each theory has its own version and specific vision of translational reality, and according to model-dependent realism, this diversity is acceptable and experiential. But the same situation can be apprehended, revisited and modelled in different ways, each using different fundamental elements and concepts. From then on, the notions change, the systemic concepts are activated, and the issues are also explained differently with the mobilization of a set of new knowledge and procedures to respond to and explain translational situations.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312307">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312309">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/534</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312311">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v11i1.534</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312313">
                <text>fra</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312315">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312317">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/534/434</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312319">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2012 TRANSLANG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312321">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 11 No 1 (2012): Traduction et Langues Volume 11: Issue 1/Août 2012; 21-38</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312323">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312325">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312327">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v11i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312329">
                <text>Epistemic vigilance</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312330">
                <text>translation studies</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312331">
                <text>scientific research</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312332">
                <text>translation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312333">
                <text>systemic translation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312334">
                <text>Epistemic vigilance</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312335">
                <text>translation studies</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312336">
                <text>scientific research</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312337">
                <text>translation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312338">
                <text>systemic translation.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312339">
                <text>Comment Traduire Les Concepts Évolutifs ? À la recherche d’une théorie unifiée ou d’une métathéorie en traductologie</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312340">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312341">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312342">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7100" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="51">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115964">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="303802">
                  <text>Traduction et Langues</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312238">
                <text>Marta,  Czyżewska</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312240">
                <text>2012-08-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312243">
                <text>Some remarks on the German language at home and abroad at the beginning of the third millennium
The aim of this article is to thoroughly examine the "German - Language of Ideas" campaign launched in 2010 as a project of the Federal Foreign Office together with its partners (Goethe Institute, German Academic Exchange Service, Central Office for Schools Abroad, Deutsche Welle, Institute for Foreign Relations and Pedagogical Exchange Service). A discussion of the reasons, causes and goals of this central focus of German foreign cultural and educational policy is presented and analyzed in this paper.The variety of language-promoting facilities allows us to look positively to the future. In my opinion it is important that they are aware that these efforts must be long-term and comprehensive so that interest in the German language can at least remains at the level attained, if not even grows.German is no longer a world language like it was in the 19th century, and that can no longer be undone. It was the most important scientific language, but in Eastern Europe it still seems to be one of the most popular foreign languages and it can be observed that it is also an important cultural language. Klaus Reichert, President of the German Academy for Language and Poetry, stated in his interview that in Germany itself there is an increasing number of brilliant German authors who have a Turkish, Arabic, Serbian, Croatian, Spanish or Italian background. When asked why they chose German, they have answered that there are opportunities in German that they don't have in their languages. It is also an interesting phenomenon that of the 20 authors who were on the list for the German Book Prize, nine had a background in other languages, and that it was Melinda Nadj Abonji, a Serbian-Hungarian who lives in Switzerland, who received the book award. According to Klaus Reichert, these are phenomena that show us that our assumptions and perceptions are right. If one dares to make a prediction, that German will also change as a result in the long term, these authors would of course bring a different language competency into the bring Germans in. The paper tackled among other aspects issues in relation to Language purism, language maintenance, and language promotion, the German language, and the educational policy adopted for Deutsch development.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312245">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312247">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/532</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312249">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v11i1.532</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312251">
                <text>deu</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312253">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312255">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/532/433</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312257">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2012 TRANSLANG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312259">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 11 No 1 (2012): Traduction et Langues Volume 11: Issue 1/Août 2012; 6-20</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312261">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312263">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312265">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v11i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312267">
                <text>German language</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312269">
                <text>language and educational policy</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312271">
                <text>language change</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312273">
                <text>language maintenance and language promotion.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312275">
                <text>German language</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312277">
                <text>language and educational policy</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312279">
                <text>language change</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312281">
                <text>language maitenance and language promotion</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312282">
                <text>Einige Bemerkungen über die deutsche Sprache zu Beginn des Dritten Jahrtausends im In- und Ausland</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312283">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312284">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312285">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7098" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="51">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115964">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="303802">
                  <text>Traduction et Langues</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312196">
                <text>Chadli, Omar</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312198">
                <text>2018-12-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312200">
                <text>Traits of the Translation in Aljamiado-morisca Literature
The translation works that make up most of the aljamiado-morisco literary corpus show certain peculiarities. In this article, we intend to answer the following questions: what are the main aspects of these translations? And how do they relate to the life circumstances of the Mudejars and the Moriscos? Based on the analysis of some passages transcribed from several aljamiado-moriscos manuscripts, we have noticed that these translations reflect a Romance language very influenced by the characteristics of Arabic and Islam, which supposes the impact of certain cultural and social factors in said works. Our objective is to demonstrate the correlation that exists between the style of these translations and some aspects of the life of the Hispanic Muslim society where the aljamiado-moriscos literature took place.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312202">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312205">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/531</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312207">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v17i2.531</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312209">
                <text>spa</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312211">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312212">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/531/431</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312214">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 17 No 2 (2018): Traduction et Langues Volume: 17 Numéro : 02 / Décembre 2018; 94-101</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312216">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312217">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312218">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v17i2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312219">
                <text>Aljamiado</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312220">
                <text>moriscos literature</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312221">
                <text>translation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312222">
                <text>Aljamiado</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312223">
                <text>moriscos Literature</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312224">
                <text>Translation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312225">
                <text>Rasgos de la Traducción en la Literatura Aljamiado- morisca</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312226">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312227">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312228">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7096" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="51">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115964">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="303802">
                  <text>Traduction et Langues</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312135">
                <text>Brik, Fatima</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312137">
                <text>Guidoume, Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312139">
                <text>2018-12-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312141">
                <text>Environmental Education and its Implications in Consolidating the Culture of Sustainable Development
The environment has been and remains the focus of many questions that focus on individual qualifications to preserve and protect as a gain for the individual and for the next generations. Experts believe that education is only a process of adaptation between the individual and his social environment. A person must seek to maintain the survival of his species by modifying his behaviour, developing his abilities, and adopt habits and skills that benefit the environment and its entity. The environmental education, associated with learning objectives plans, aims at facilitating the evaluation of educational programs, and improve educational standards. Thus, learning goals are classified as cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains of education. The purpose behind such classification is to provide learners with direct experiences that guide them to achieve a fruitful and effective educational return.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312144">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312146">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/530</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312148">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v17i2.530</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312150">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312152">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312154">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/530/432</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312156">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 17 No 2 (2018): Traduction et Langues Volume: 17 Numéro : 02 / Décembre 2018; 168-181</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312159">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312161">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312162">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v17i2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312163">
                <text>Programs</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312164">
                <text>enviroment</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312165">
                <text>education</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312166">
                <text>psych-kinetic</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312167">
                <text>value</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312168">
                <text>Programs</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312169">
                <text>environment</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312170">
                <text>education</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312171">
                <text>psych-kinetic</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312172">
                <text>value</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312173">
                <text>التربية البيئية وآثارها في ترسيخ ثقافة التنمية المستدامة</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312174">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312175">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312176">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7094" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="51">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115964">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="303802">
                  <text>Traduction et Langues</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312078">
                <text>Debabi, Mohamed</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312080">
                <text>Guerroudj, Noureddine</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312082">
                <text>2018-12-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312084">
                <text>No wonder that knowledge of how words pair in L2 has been a missing part in many EFL classes and a peripheral element in many syllabi in Algeria. Virtually, many of the current teaching practices still seek to focus learners’ attention on the role of grammar in the acquisition process under the assumption that grammar has a generative power of language and learners can in turn produce L2 by mastering the different grammatical structures. This tendency resulted in considering lexis, mainly collocations, as subservient to grammar. As a result, learners’ writing has become grammatically well-polished but replete with idiosyncratic wording due to lexical mistakes and deficiency in collocations. Hence, this paper aims at assessing the extent to which developing EFL learners’collocational competence through an explicit contrastive approach can help them produce native- like natural writing. To undertake this research, an experimental and control group of first year English majors were recruited. The former was taught collocations explicitly through a contrastive approach, while the latter was taught English with no focus on collocations. Data were collected from corpora produced by these students in pre and post-tests. Analysis of the findings indicates that pointing out to EFL learners the difference of collocational restrictions between L1 and the target language promotes this learners’collocational competence. Besides, downplaying grammatical mistakes and emphasizing collocational accuracy inside the classroom is very likely to result in learners producing strongly collocated words in their writing. In the light of these findings, the present research paper concludes with some pedagogical implications.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312087">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312089">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/529</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312091">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v17i2.529</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312093">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312095">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312097">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/529/427</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312099">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 17 No 2 (2018): Traduction et Langues Volume: 17 Numéro : 02 / Décembre 2018; 57-66</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312101">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312103">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312106">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v17i2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312108">
                <text>Collocational competence</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312110">
                <text>corpus</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312112">
                <text>explicit teaching</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312114">
                <text>natural writing</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312116">
                <text>strong collocations</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312117">
                <text>Developing Collocational Competence in EFL Classes Evidence of Nativeness in Algerian Intermediate  Learners’Corpus</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312118">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312119">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312120">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7092" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="51">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115964">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="303802">
                  <text>Traduction et Langues</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312026">
                <text>Kouider, Youcef</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312028">
                <text>2018-12-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312030">
                <text>This research is an attempt to investigate the applicability of the Relevance- Theoretic framework in the field of translation. Relevance Theory was developed by Dan Sperber and Deirdre Wilson; it is a theory of a cognitive communication that proposes a set of concepts that govern the process of intralingual interpretation of utterances and texts. Thus, we aim to explore the findings of Relevance Theory in studying the process of interpretation in translation at an interlingual level so as to see to what extent can the translator rely on Relevance Theory interpretation framework to provide the target reader with a translated text that realizes optimal relevance and contextual effects without making him expending unnecessary processing efforts.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312032">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312035">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/528</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312037">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v17i2.528</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312039">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312041">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312043">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/528/430</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312045">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 17 No 2 (2018): Traduction et Langues Volume: 17 Numéro : 02 / Décembre 2018; 8-17</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312047">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312049">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312051">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v17i2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312053">
                <text>Contextual Effects</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312056">
                <text>interpretation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312058">
                <text>Optimal Relevance</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312060">
                <text>Relevance</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312062">
                <text>Processing Effort</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312064">
                <text>Translation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312065">
                <text>Exploiting Relevance Theory   Findings in Translation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312066">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312067">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312068">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7090" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="51">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115964">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="303802">
                  <text>Traduction et Langues</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311969">
                <text>Kerboua, Salim</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311972">
                <text>2018-12-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311974">
                <text>The present paper attempts to synthesize the United States policymakers’ decisions on the course of the second half of the 1940s. Personal judgements and bureaucratic agency converged to give birth to a latent but emerging confrontation with the former Soviet Union. The international system shifted to become bipolar and the two superpowers' behaviors became more antagonistic. This paper emphasizes the American perspective of the rising confrontation, and the fateful United States' decision-makers' view of the situation during that period.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311976">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311978">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/527</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311980">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v17i2.527</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311982">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311984">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311987">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/527/429</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311989">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 17 No 2 (2018): Traduction et Langues Volume: 17 Numéro : 02 / Décembre 2018; 32-38</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311991">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311993">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311995">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v17i2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311997">
                <text>Cold War</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311999">
                <text>Decision-making</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312001">
                <text>Foreign Policy</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312004">
                <text>Human Agency</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312007">
                <text>Judgements</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312009">
                <text>United States of  America</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312011">
                <text>US Domestic Agency in the Early Cold War Foreign  Policy, 1945-1950</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="312013">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312015">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="312016">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7088" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="51">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115964">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="303802">
                  <text>Traduction et Langues</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311937">
                <text>Ammi, Abdelghani</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311938">
                <text>Immoune, Youcef</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311939">
                <text>2018-12-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311940">
                <text>Information and Communications Technologies between Representations and Reality
The Algerian university is undergoing major changes as a result of the continuous change in the training offers provided by the new LMD teaching system. This research focuses on the importance of Information and Communication Technologies within the Algerian university, represented for the purposes of our study by the field of foreign languages. It also interrogates about our students' representations of these technologies and how they can best benefit from these new learning tools. This is why a questionnaire survey was conducted in several universities across the country and involved students from French departments to try to have a global vision of the use of these technologies in language training.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311941">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311942">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/525</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311943">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v17i2.525</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311944">
                <text>fra</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311945">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311946">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/525/426</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311947">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 17 No 2 (2018): Traduction et Langues Volume: 17 Numéro : 02 / Décembre 2018; 102-113</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311948">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311949">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311950">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v17i2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311951">
                <text>Education tools</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311952">
                <text>Learning</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311953">
                <text>Technical tools</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311954">
                <text>representations</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311955">
                <text>ICT</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311956">
                <text>Education Tools</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311957">
                <text>Learning</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311958">
                <text>Technical Tools</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311959">
                <text>representations</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311960">
                <text>ICT</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311961">
                <text>Les Technologies de l’Information et de la  Communication entre Représentations et Réalité</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311962">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311963">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311964">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7087" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="51">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115964">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="303802">
                  <text>Traduction et Langues</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311910">
                <text>Chaal, Houaria</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311911">
                <text>2018-12-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311912">
                <text>The Mental Process in Simultaneous Interpreting
Simultaneous interpreting is one of the most difficult tasks. It requires great intellectual and psychological efforts. It also necessitates important skills, and a long translation experience, depending on good linguistic and extralinguistic competencies. Moreover, it is an intellectual and creative activity against nature as it combines both listening and speaking, requiring a mental process in order to establish a communication. This translating kind is the focal point of communication whenever nationalities differ and languages vary. Simultaneous interpreting, especially conference interpreting, is a complex process which is based on listening, understanding, analyzing and memorizing to convey the message in a few seconds, following integrated and continuous stages. Listening comes on the head of these phases, and it is the main link within the interpreting process. However, its concept overlaps with hearing and receiving. Accordingly, listening based on good hearing and intensive attention is considered the basis for ensuring a successful transfer. Therefore, good performance requires good listening.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311913">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311914">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/524</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311915">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v17i2.524</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311916">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311917">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311918">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/524/425</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311919">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 17 No 2 (2018): Traduction et Langues Volume: 17 Numéro : 02 / Décembre 2018; 132-149</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311920">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311921">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311922">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v17i2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311923">
                <text>Interpreter</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311924">
                <text>listening</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311925">
                <text>mental operations</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311926">
                <text>performance</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311927">
                <text>simultaneous interpreting</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311928">
                <text>Interpreter</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311929">
                <text>listening</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311930">
                <text>mental operations,</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311931">
                <text>performance</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311932">
                <text>simultaneous interpreting</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311933">
                <text>خارطة العمليات العقلية الخاصة بالترجمة الفورية</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311934">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311935">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311936">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7086" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="51">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115964">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="303802">
                  <text>Traduction et Langues</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311888">
                <text>Chaira, Farid</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311889">
                <text>Hamada, Hacène</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311890">
                <text>2018-12-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311891">
                <text>The present paper gives an account of a cross-regional study of lexical obsolescence in Tacawit. It aims to compare the rates of lexical erosion across three regions: the Aurès Massif, Occidental Aurès and Oriental Aurès. The data of the study were collected as part of a doctoral research project on contact- induced lexical erosion in Tacawit. For purposes of brevity, however, this paper is confined to the analysis of the data obtained from one semantic domain, namely animal lexicon. Six basic concepts denoting six species were examined. The study revealed significant differences in the rates of lexical erosion between the three regions. The Massif retained most of the Berber variants, and, to a lesser degree, Occidental Aurès. In Oriental Aurès, however, there was a general tendency towards lexical replacement. This regional variation in lexical maintenance reflects different social tendencies within Aurès towards the effects of contact between Berber and Arabic.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311892">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311893">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/523</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311894">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v17i2.523</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311895">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311896">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311897">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/523/424</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311898">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 17 No 2 (2018): Traduction et Langues Volume: 17 Numéro : 02 / Décembre 2018; 39-56</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311899">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311900">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311901">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v17i2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311902">
                <text>language contact</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311903">
                <text>lexical borrowing</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311904">
                <text>lexical erosion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311905">
                <text>Tacawit</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311906">
                <text>On Lexical Obsolescence in Tacawit:  The Case of Six Berber Fauna Terms</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="311907">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311908">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="311909">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
