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                <text>Amari, Badreddine</text>
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                <text>يتناول هذا المقال أهمية الزّنة الثقافيّة في المرسلة الشعرية على وجه التحديد والدور الذي تؤديه الثقافة في عملية الترجمة أي على صعيد نقل الوقع الثقافي عينه للقارئ الهدف. لهذه الغاية ينقسم البحث إلى قسمين الأوّل تنظيري والثاني تطبيقي. أمّا القسم التنظيري فينطلق من تعريف الثقافة أبرز عناصرها ّ ومن ثم تعريف الترجمة بهدف استبيان العلاقة القائمة بين هذا الثنائي. ّ يتطرق البحث بعدها إلى تسليط الضوء على الدور الذي تؤديه العناصر الثقافية آنفة الذكر في تسهيل أو تصعيب عمل المترجم عند نقل الوقع الثقافي للمرسلة الشعرية، كما يقترح الباحث عيّنة من الاستراتيجيات التي وضعها أهل الاختصاص بهدف إرشاد المترجم ومساعدته خلال عمليّة التّرجمة.أمّا الشق التطبيقي فيستهلّه الباحث بدراسة للنسخة المترجمة من قصيدة ّ ولا أكثر " لا أقل " للشاعر الفلسطيني محمود درويش واستنتاج المنهج الذياتّبعه مترجمها الشاعر والمترجم الفلسطيني الأصل فادي جودة وبالتالي تحديد موقفه هل كان من أهل المصدر أم من أهل الهدف.</text>
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                <text>Customs and its Effects of Changing the Fatwa
This paper consists of an attempt to highlight the importance of cultural impact in poetry, in addition to the significant part it takes during the translation process, more precisely its equivalent delivery to the target reader. To attain the sought purpose, this research paper was separated into two sections: one being theoretical and the other practical. The theoretical section starts off by defining culture and its most significant elements, then moves on to defining translation in hopes of revealing the link between this pair. This paper proceeds to shed some light on the role that these previously stated cultural elements play in facilitating or impeding the translator’s task of transferring the poem’s cultural impact. Moreover, the author of this paper then proposes a sample of many strategies suggested by professionals to further guide the translator and assist him in his task. As for the practical section, it consists of a study regarding Palestinian poet Mahmoud Darwish’s “No More and No Less” and its translation procedures and strategies used in translated English version done by Fady Joudah, translator and poet of Palestinian origins; thus, allowing the translator’s stance to be revealed: whether he was source-oriented or sought the target reader.</text>
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                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/369</text>
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                <text>ara</text>
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                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 19 No 2 (2020): Traduction et Langues Volume : 19 Numéro : 02 / Décembre 2020; 230-249</text>
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                <text>2600-6235</text>
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                <text>10.52919/translang.v19i2</text>
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                <text>Culture</text>
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                <text>difficulties of translating poetry</text>
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                <text>Translation strategies</text>
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                <text>reader</text>
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                <text>cultural  impact</text>
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                <text>الثقافة</text>
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                <text>صعوبات الترجمة الشعرية</text>
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                <text>استراتيجيات الترجمة</text>
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                <text>القارئ</text>
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                <text>المترجم</text>
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                <text>الوقع الثقافي</text>
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                <text>العرف وأثره في تغيّر الفتوى: َدراسة تحليلية تَطبيقية</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313756">
                <text>Cuypers, Michel</text>
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                <text>2020-12-31</text>
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                <text>Quranic and Semitic Rhetorics Its History and Theory 
The article is a review of nearly thirty years of research on the composition of the Qur’anic text using the techniques of Semitic rhetoric. In recent years, the latter term has spread in Qur’anic studies, eliciting various reactions. Therefore, its origin and exact meaning are first explained. A first part then traces its history, first in the biblical exegesis from which it came, then in the Qur’anic exegesis, ancient and modern (around the concept of naẓm al-Qur’ān), and finally, in recent scientific studies. The second part is a theoretical presentation, based on the pioneering work of the biblical scholar Roland Meynet, adapted to the specificities of Qur’anic rhetoric itself. We first explain its two general characteristics: binarity and parataxis, then the different textual levels to be distinguished, and finally the three basic figures of composition: parallelism, concentric composition and specular composition. Each step of the presentation is illustrated by Qur’anic examples, taken mainly from the Fātiḥa. The conclusion opens up a prospect of research of the same Semitic rhetoric in languages of the ancient Middle East other than (Biblical) Hebrew or (Qur’anic) Arabic: Akkadian, Ugaritic and Pharaonic.</text>
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                <text>L’article est un bilan de près de trente années de recherches sur la composition du texte coranique selon les techniques de la rhétorique sémitique. Depuis quelques années, ce dernier terme s’est répandu dans les études coraniques, suscitant des réactions diverses. C’est pourquoi, son origine et son sens exact sont d’abord expliqués. Une première partie en retrace ensuite l’histoire, d’abord dans l’exégèse biblique dont elle est issue, puis dans l’exégèse coranique, ancienne et moderne (autour du concept de naẓm al- Qur’ān), et enfin, dans les études scientifiques récentes. La deuxième partie est un exposé théorique, appuyé sur les travaux pionniers du bibliste Roland Meynet, adaptés aux spécificités de la rhétorique coranique proprement dite. On en expose d’abord les deux caractéristiques générales : la binarité et la parataxe, ensuite les différents niveaux textuels à distinguer, et enfin les trois figures de composition : le parallélisme, la composition concentrique et la composition spéculaire. Chaque étape de l’exposé est illustrée par des exemples coraniques, extraits principalement de la Fātiḥa. La conclusion ouvre une perspective de recherche de la même rhétorique sémitique dans d’autres langues du Moyen-Orient ancien tel que l’hébreu (biblique) ou l’arabe (coranique) : akkadien, ougaritique et pharaonique.</text>
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                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/368</text>
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                <text>fra</text>
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                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/368/286</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 19 No 2 (2020): Traduction et Langues Volume : 19 Numéro : 02 / Décembre 2020; 8-33</text>
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                <text>Binarity</text>
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                <text>figures of composition</text>
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                <text>rhétorique  sémitique</text>
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                <text>La Rhétorique Coranique et Sémitique Son Histoire, Sa Théorie</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313725">
                <text>MVOU, Perrine</text>
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                <text>The Myth in Ecuatorial Guinean Letters: Sociohistorical Reading of Trinidad Morgades Besari’s Antigone 
Between myth and literary phenomenon, there is an intimate relationship permamente. Timeless essence, the myth survives civilization that gave birth and, passing the time, loads of new meanings that enrich. Just as the dream, myth is a sign that must decipher the reader / viewer as it carries deeper meanings essential to the understanding of their everyday lives and the foundation of society in which they live, their customs and their rights. The presence of myth in points Equatorial Guinea in general, and particularly in the play of Trinidad Morgades Besari therefore arises, as usual, the problem of its significance.</text>
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                <text>Entre el mito y el fenómeno literario, existe una relación permamente e íntima. Atemporal por esencia, el mito sobrevive a la civilización que le dio luz y, transcurriendo el tiempo, se carga de significaciones nuevas que le enriquecen. Así como el sueño, el mito es un signo que debe descifrar el lector/espectador ya que es portador de significaciones profundas indispensables a la comprensión de su cotidiano vivir y a la del fundamento de la sociedad en la que viven, sus costumbres y sus derechos. La presencia del mito en las letras ecuatoguineanas en general, y particularmente en la obra dramática de Trinidad Morgades Besari, pues plantea, como de costumbre, el problema de su significación.</text>
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                <text>spa</text>
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                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 19 No 2 (2020): Traduction et Langues Volume : 19 Numéro : 02 / Décembre 2020; 34-49</text>
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                <text>2600-6235</text>
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                <text>Antigone</text>
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                <text>Dictatorship</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text>Intertextuality</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313742">
                <text>Morgades Besari Trinidad</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text>Myth</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313744">
                <text>Nguema Francisco  Macías</text>
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                <text>Antígona</text>
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                <text>Dictadura</text>
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                <text>Intertextualidad</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313748">
                <text>Mito</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313749">
                <text>Morgades Besari Trinidad</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313750">
                <text>Nguema  Francisco Macías</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>The Myth in Ecuatorial Guinean Letters: Sociohistorical  Reading of Trinidad Morgades Besari’s Antigone</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313752">
                <text>El Mito En Las Letras Ecuatoguinean  A Sguineana Lectura histórica de Antigona de Trinidad Morgades Besari</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Articles</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313697">
                <text>Gning, Maurice</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313698">
                <text>2020-12-31</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>This paper examines the issue of ethics in Lord of the Flies (1954) by the English Postmodern writer, William Golding (1911-1993). The study is grounded on some ethical principles drawn from the moral philosophy of Immanuel Kant (1724-1804). It concludes that ethics is absent in the environment where Golding’s characters evolve. This absence of ethical references mainly results from western modernity that called into question all former references that provided moral ideals. As such, Lord of Flies enacts, with much irony, the ethical void in which western modernity introduced humanity.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313700">
                <text>Cet article examine la question de l’éthique dans Lord of the Flies, un roman de l’écrivain anglais postmoderne, Sir William Gerard Golding. Quelques principes éthiques tirés de la philosophie morale de Emmanuel Kant (1724-1804) constituent le fondement théorique de cette étude. Celle-ci conclut que l’environnement où évoluent les personnages de Golding est dépourvu d’éthique. Cette absence de repères éthiques ou axiologiques est essentiellement la conséquence de la modernité occidentale qui a balayé le socle moral des valeurs anciennes. Lord of the Flies traduit ainsi, avec une pointe d’ironie, le vide éthique ou le chaos dans lequel la pensée moderne a tragiquement introduit l’humanité.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313701">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/363</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313703">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v19i2.363</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313704">
                <text>eng</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313705">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313706">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/363/285</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313707">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 19 No 2 (2020): Traduction et Langues Volume : 19 Numéro : 02 / Décembre 2020; 50-66</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313708">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313709">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
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                <text>10.52919/translang.v19i2</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313711">
                <text>Modernity</text>
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                <text>Western</text>
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                <text>William Golding</text>
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                <text>Lord of the Flies</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313715">
                <text>Ethical void</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313716">
                <text>Modernité</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313717">
                <text>Occident</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313718">
                <text>Lord of the Flies</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313719">
                <text>Golding</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313720">
                <text>Vide éthique</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313721">
                <text>The Ethical Void or the Parody  of Western Modernity in Golding’s  Lord of the Flies</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313722">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313723">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
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                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
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  <item itemId="7151" public="1" featured="0">
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      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Articles</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="305416">
                  <text>Articles</text>
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            </element>
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        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313670">
                <text>Naceur,  Djilali</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313671">
                <text>2007-12-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313672">
                <text>Borrowing as a Translation Process
Translation has always been a tool for cultural enrichment, knowledge transfer, and a means of communication between people speaking different languages. However, translation is not always an easy task. This paper tries to show the problems of untranslatability encountered during the translation of a religious text from Arabic into French, and the use of borrowing as the most appropriate solution to translate realities linked to the culture and to the Islamic religion.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313673">
                <text>La traduction a toujours été un outil d’enrichissement culturel, de transfert de connaissances, et un moyen de communication entre peuples parlant des langues différentes. Cependant, la traduction n’est pas toujours une tâche aisée. Cet article essaie de montrer les problèmes d’intraduisibilité rencontrés lors de la traduction d’un texte religieux de l’arabe vers le français, et le recours à l’emprunt comme la solution la plus appropriée pour traduire des réalités liées à la culture et à la religion islamiques.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313674">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313675">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/362</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313676">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v6i1.362</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313677">
                <text>fra</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313678">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313679">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/362/284</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313680">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2007 TRANSLANG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313681">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 6 No 1 (2007): Traduction et Langues Volume 6: Numéro: 1/Décembre 2007 ; 52-57</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313682">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313683">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313684">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v6i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313685">
                <text>Borrowing</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313686">
                <text>untranslatability</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313687">
                <text>semantic loss</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313688">
                <text>Arabic dueling.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313689">
                <text>Emprunt</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313690">
                <text>intraduisibilité</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313691">
                <text>perte sémantique</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313692">
                <text>duel arabe.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313693">
                <text>L’emprunt comme Procédé de Traduction</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313694">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313695">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313696">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
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      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Articles</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="305416">
                  <text>Articles</text>
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      </elementSetContainer>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313643">
                <text>Touhami , Ouissem</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313644">
                <text>2007-12-31</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313645">
                <text>Can we translate the advertising slogan?
The notion of untranslatability of the advertising text has always been at the heart of the debates between theoreticians who reject any dichotomy between the content and the form of the source text during its transfer to the target language, and favorable practitioners. to an interpretative approach to advertising translation, where the passage from LD to LA is not related to the language but to the message. In our paper, we will try to give an initiative of answer to the question: Can we translate the advertising slogan? For this we have chosen three categories of examples of advertising slogans which obey in their translations to three different processes: literal translation, borrowing and adaptation.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313646">
                <text>La notion d’intraduisibilité ou d’intraductibilité du texte publicitaire a toujours été au coeur des débats entre des théoriciens qui repoussent toute dichotomie entre le fond et la forme du texte source lors de son transfert vers la langue cible, et des praticiens favorables à une approche interprétative de la traduction publicitaire, où le passage de LD à LA ne porte pas sur la langue mais sur le message. Dans notre communication nous essayerons de donner un début de réponse à la question : Peut-on traduire le slogan publicitaire ? Pour cela nous avons choisi trois catégories d’exemples de slogans publicitaires qui obéissent dans leurs traductions à trois procédés différents : la traduction littérale, l’emprunt et l’adaptation.</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313647">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313648">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/361</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313649">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v6i1.361</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313650">
                <text>fra</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313651">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313652">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/361/283</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313653">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2007 TRANSLANG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313654">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 6 No 1 (2007): Traduction et Langues Volume 6: Numéro: 1/Décembre 2007 ; 39-44</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313655">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313656">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313657">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v6i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313658">
                <text>Advertising translation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313659">
                <text>untranslatability</text>
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                <text>slogan</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313661">
                <text>interpretative theory</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313662">
                <text>Traduction publicitaire</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text>intraduisibilité</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313664">
                <text>slogan</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313665">
                <text>théorie interprétative</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313666">
                <text>Peut-on traduire le slogan publicitaire ?</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313667">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313668">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
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                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313616">
                <text>Lachachi , Djamel Eddine</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2007-12-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313618">
                <text>Translatability and Equivalence
Translation Theory and Contrastive Linguistics are two areas of applied linguistics. The relationship between them has often been mentioned in several scientific works. Translation could thus be considered as an application of contrastive linguistics. Alongside other translation processes such as literal translation, adoption, and borrowing, among others, the problem of transposition and modification, equivalence, and class changes of words will be discussed here. Contrastive linguistics gives us the conditions for the discovery and presentation of the linguistic problems resulting from the theory of translation. Every translator is a linguist" (Mounin 1976,113). Contrastive Linguistics as a continuation of comparative linguistics deals with linguistic comparison. Only it differs from it by the fact that it renounces diachrony and value judgments. Many concepts relevant to these interrelated fields, namely contrastive linguistics and translation have been discussed with practical instances drawn from Arabic.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313619">
                <text>Cet article met en relief la relation étroite entre la linguistique contrastive et la traduction. J’ai essayé de montrer ce lien entre ces deux domaines ainsi l’implication du recours à la linguistique contrastive dans un processus de traduction. It est à rappeler ici que la Théorie de la Traduction et la Linguistique Contrastive font partie de la linguistique appliquée. La traduction s’avère comme une application des fondements théoriques de la linguistique contrastive. It s’agit dans cet article de focaliser sur quelques procédés de traduction productifs tels que la traduction littérale, l'adoption, l'emprunt, entre autres. Aussi, la question du problème de la transposition et la modification, d’équivalence et de changements de classe des mots font partie de nos préoccupations. Il a été démonté que la linguistique contrastive offre les conditions relatives à l’identification des problèmes linguistiques résultants de la théorie de la traduction. Chaque traducteur est un linguiste" comme le soulignait Mounin. Plusieurs concepts en rapport avec la linguistique contrastive et la traduction ont été expliqués dans cet article avec des exemples tirés de la langue Arabe.</text>
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            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313621">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/360</text>
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                <text>10.52919/translang.v6i1.360</text>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313623">
                <text>fra</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313624">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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            <description>A related resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313625">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/360/282</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313626">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2007 TRANSLANG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313627">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 6 No 1 (2007): Traduction et Langues Volume 6: Numéro: 1/Décembre 2007 ; 29-38</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313628">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313629">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313630">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v6i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313631">
                <text>The theory of translation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313632">
                <text>contrastive linguistics</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313633">
                <text>translatability</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313634">
                <text>equivalence</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313635">
                <text>the theory of translation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313636">
                <text>contrastive linguistics</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313637">
                <text>translatability</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313638">
                <text>equivalence</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313639">
                <text>Traduisibilité et Équivalence</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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    <elementSetContainer>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313585">
                <text>Ouahmiche , Ghania</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313586">
                <text>2007-12-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313587">
                <text>&amp;nbsp;
Problems of Syntactic Correspondences of the Verb between Arabic and French:towards a contrastive study
In this study, we will try to demonstrate the particularities of the Arabic verb by adopting a contrastive perspective with French. Our objective is to present a morphosyntactic analysis of verbs capable of removing some syntactic ambiguities relating to the divergences of the morphosyntactic structures of Arabic and French, respectively.It should be noted that one of the difficulties in the analysis of the two languages comes from the fact that the levels of analysis interact in a complex way. The complexity of the linguistic structures to highlight in a translation system dealing with two typologically distinct languages is the subject of our study.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313588">
                <text>Dans cette étude, nous tenterons de démontrer les particularités du verbe Arabe en adoptant une perspective contrastive avec le Français. Notre objectif est de présenter une analyse morphosyntaxique des verbes capable de lever quelques ambiguïtés syntaxiques relatives aux divergences des structures morphosyntaxiques de l’Arabe et du Français, respectivement.Il est à noter que l’une des difficultés de l’analyse des deux langues provienne du fait que les niveaux d’analyse interagissent de façon complexe. La complexité des structures linguistiques à mettre en relief dans un système de traduction traitant deux langues topologiquement distinctes, fait l’objet de notre étude.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313589">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313590">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/359</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313591">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v6i1.359</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313592">
                <text>fra</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313593">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313594">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/359/281</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313595">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2007 TRANSLANG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313596">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 6 No 1 (2007): Traduction et Langues Volume 6: Numéro: 1/Décembre 2007 ; 21-28</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313597">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313598">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313599">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v6i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313600">
                <text>Cliticization</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313601">
                <text>pro-drop</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313602">
                <text>equivalences</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313603">
                <text>reference system</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313604">
                <text>translation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313605">
                <text>verbal systems.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313606">
                <text>Cliticization</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313607">
                <text>le pro-drop</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313608">
                <text>équivalences</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313609">
                <text>système de référence</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313610">
                <text>traduction</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313611">
                <text>systèmes verbaux.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313612">
                <text>Problèmes des correspondances syntaxiques du verbe entre l’Arabe et le Français : vers une étude contrastive</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313613">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313614">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
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                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
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  <item itemId="7147" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="52">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>Articles</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="305416">
                  <text>Articles</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313554">
                <text>Seddiki , Aoussine</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313555">
                <text>2007-12-31</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313556">
                <text>“We cannot have the cake and eat it too” Phraseology, Context and Translation
One of the great challenges concerning both phraseology and translation studies concerns the definition of idiomatic expressions by their untranslatability alongside that of natural languages by their idiosyncrasy. The translation of fixed constructions in this case idiomatic expressions and phrases are at the center of this paper. The structural, but also semantic and pragmatic point of view will be taken into account. In the context of this analysis, several questions arise: does the translation of a specific phraseologism from German, for example 'in Einklang bringen' (harmonize, reconcile) mean that it will be rendered by an equivalent phraseologism in Arabic, French, English, Spanish or Russian?</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="313557">
                <text>L’un des grands défis concernant aussi bien la phraséologie que la traductologie touche la définition des expressions idiomatiques par leur intraductibilité à côté de celle des langues naturelles par leur idiosyncrasie. La traduction des constructions figées en l’occurrence des expressions idiomatiques et des locutions se situent au centre de cet article. Le point de vue structurel, mais aussi sémantique et pragmatique seront pris en compte. Dans le cadre de la présente analyse plusieurs questions se posent : la traduction d’un phraséologisme spécifique de l’allemand par exemple ‘in Einklang bringen’ (harmoniser, concilier) signifie-t-elle qu’il sera rendu par un phraséologisme équivalent dans la langue arabe, française, anglaise, espagnole ou russe ?</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313558">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
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          </element>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313559">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/358</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313560">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v6i1.358</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313561">
                <text>fra</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313562">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313563">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/358/280</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313564">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2007 TRANSLANG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313565">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 6 No 1 (2007): Traduction et Langues Volume 6: Numéro: 1/Décembre 2007 ; 14-20</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313566">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313567">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313568">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v6i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="313569">
                <text>Phraseology</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="313570">
                <text>idiomatic expressions</text>
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                <text>expressive particularity.</text>
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In the teaching of foreign languages, many teachers today continue to exclude any possibility of using translation in class. But many others still know how to take advantage of the use of a punctual and well-targeted translation; for example, in a grammar lesson, they can translate a particular term for the learner so that he understands it quickly and they can continue their lesson. But if we dwell on some of the concepts that are nevertheless commonly used, we quickly realize that even when their translation is recognized, they do not always have the same functions in the two languages involved and that ultimately, if we want to translate in order to understand, we must also understand everything covered by the concept in order to be able to translate it.</text>
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                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2007 TRANSLANG</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 6 No 1 (2007): Traduction et Langues Volume 6: Numéro: 1/Décembre 2007 ; 7-13</text>
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                <text>Traduire pour comprendre ou comprendre pour traduire ?</text>
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