67 10 8556 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Articles Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Spadaro, Enrico Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2023-06-30 Description An account of the resource Listen to those silences: translating, communicating and reflecting Entendez-vous dans les montagnes…by Maïssa Bey, in Italian and English Maïssa Bey is a French-speaking Algerian writer whose first works were published in the 1990s, during the "black decade" of the civil war that ravaged Algeria. Algerian people, especially women, of whom the author is an integral part, are the protagonists of her stories and novels that aim to break the silences and censorship, to explore the small stories hidden behind the big story. This article aims to analyse the Italian and English translations of Entendez-vous dans les montagnes..., a novel published in France in 2002 and in Algeria in 2007. The Italian translation, published by Astarte in 2020, is by Barbara Sommovigo, who had already translated Bey’s Puisque mon coeur est mort in 2013, initiating an almost paradigmatic author-translator relationship that allows for an effective approach to a short but complex text like Entendez- vous dans les montagnes... The English translation is by the American Erin Lamm, and is the result of her doctoral thesis, with a clearly more academic intention than the Italian text, whose publishing house Astarte aims to communicate voices from the shores of the Mediterranean. In fact, Bey's work travels between two languages and therefore between two cultures, the French and the Algerian, which intersect in the pages of the story like the lives of the three protagonists. An Algerian woman, an elderly Frenchman and Marie, a young blond woman, meet in the same compartment of a train to evoke memories and thoughts, which lead them to the past and recent history of Algeria, through painful pages among which is evoked the loss of the author's father, killed in 1957 by French soldiers. It is a difficult task for the translators to render this multiplicity of themes and languages from the title: for a French-speaking reader, there is a strong reference to both a line from the Marseillaise and an Algerian patriotic song (Min Djibalina). The Italian title is therefore changed to Dietro quei silenzi…, while the English title is purely literal, Do You Hear in the Mountains... This is just one of the translation choices that will be analysed in this paper, in which the comparison between the strategies and techniques used in the two translation works will be constant, creating a perpetual dialogue with the original text, in the image of the friendship that now exists between the author Maïssa Bey and the two translators. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/927 10.52919/translang.v22i1.927 Language A language of the resource fra Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed Relation A related resource https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/927/781 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Traduction et Langues; Vol 22 No 1 (2023): Traduction et Langues Volume : 22 Numéro : 01 / June 2023; 16-39 2600-6235 1112-3974 10.52919/translang.v22i1 Subject The topic of the resource Algeria Adaptation Bey Culture Translation Translation studies Algeria Adaptation Bey Culture Translation Translation studies Title A name given to the resource Entendre ces silences : traduire, transmettre et refléter Entendez-vous dans les montagnes… de Maïssa Bey, en italien et en anglais Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Articles Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Douar , Aicha Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2022-12-31 Description An account of the resource The international commercial terms are officially known as Incoterms. These trade rules, established by ICC (the International Chamber of Commerce) are written and pronounced in English. Mastering their use is necessary to circumvent any confusion in the meaning, and to avoid any misunderstanding between the contracting parties. These incoterms are universally agreed upon, except for the United States where a difference in their meaning is noticed, mainly the incoterm FOB (Free on Board). Although they are mandated as multinational business terms, they do not regulate the transfer of ownership of the merchandise nor the sale price. Despite the difference in their meanings, it should be noted that they constitute broad lines for commercial exchanges between countries. Some of their advantages are: The distribution of costs related to export and import, the distribution of documents between the seller and the buyer, and the conditions for the delivery of goods. They are stated to enable trading partners to reach markets throughout the world. To apply incoterms for overseas shipment, maritime transport companies need to make sure that their staff understand them clearly to avoid any costly mistakes in the process of transactions. Collaboration with educational institutions and training courses are required. Both current and future Algerian professionals in the field need to be assisted on how to use incoterms. This research paper deals with the use of shipping incoterms when training the students, who are specialized in maritime trade, for a future profession as a maritime leader or dealer. As the incoterms are basically written and pronounced in English, the use of a translating method, that allows them to identify and understand the meaning of linguistic terms, is required. Bearing in mind the fact that artificial intelligence covers a wide range of outputs nowadays, it has been necessary to ask the following question: Could the T M (translation machine) provide the students a faithful translation of incoterms? In an attempt to answer this question, the following hypotheses were formulated: Teaching EOP (English for occupational purposes) in the Algerian maritime sector focuses on translating the international commercial terms. Machine translation provides a faithful meaning of words and sentences. As the software performs translation for a specific language or domain, it produces a high-quality output. To check these hypotheses, it is essential to go through the MT translation method for it is mostly used by the learners as it is free from any charges. The MT (Machine Translation) method is what a computer program produces. To fulfil a translation, the text is simply entered or pasted in and the languages are selected. Google Translation is a well-known example of this type of translation. The use of this software enables the students to substitute mechanically and quickly words from one language to another. It exempts them from any human linguistic intervention. Though it provides free and instant translations, it produces incoherent wording. The present study reveals that different electronic sites do not give the same translation for the incoterm FOB. One way of evaluating the quality of machine translation is when the human translator reviews the output to ensure that it is linguistically correct. This review is referred to as the post-editing machine translation. When adopting this method, a good quality of translation is achieved; grammatical errors are fixed, unclear and confusing wording and mistranslations are cleared up. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/916 10.52919/translang.v21i2.916 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed Relation A related resource https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/916/771 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Traduction et Langues; Vol 21 No 2 (2022): Traduction et Langues Volume : 21 Numéro : 02 / Decembre 2022; 230-247 2600-6235 1112-3974 10.52919/translang.v21i2 Subject The topic of the resource Algeria EOP Incoterms Title A name given to the resource Issues and Perspectives on The Electronic Translation of Shipping Incoterms: FOB as a case study Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Articles Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mazouz , Soumaya Kadri , Abdeldjalil Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2022-12-31 Description An account of the resource In the modern world, Globalization, Colonialism, Technology, Politics and Economy have changed many cultural identities and contributed to the appearance of multilingual literature. Code-Switching could occur in different institutional languages, slangs, dialects, and sociolects; so, translators should find strategies to tackle this literary phenomenon and preserve the source text identity. But how could the translator (who is a reader and a transmitter at the same time) deal with these types of literary texts? And how could he/she produce a target multilingual text that preserves the identity and the magic expressed in the source text? The multilingual text is a specific genre of literature which combines two or more languages in the desire to express a multilingual and multicultural reality inherent to a particular group of individuals. Multilingual Literature appeared for the first time during the Middle Ages, but it was called originally Macaronic literature. The term 'Macaronic' is commonly used to indicate any hybrid language that mixes the vernacular with Latin. This mixture was frequent during the Middle Ages in all romance literature. Macaronic literature is therefore a phenomenon that represents the cultivated, highly educated and sophisticated categories of society like academics, novelists and poets. However, translators who used to identify the translation as an inter-linguistic transfer between two formal systems (source and target institutional languages) have faced obstacles in working with multilingual texts in which the author uses code-switching as an alternative to reflect the unfair categorization of people and registers in modern societies). This paper aims to examine the different strategies proposed by Venuti, Cincotta, Bojanin, Qoates and other scholars to transfer the code-switching device in the literary texts; and eventually proposes an integrated strategy that will preserve the code-switching aspect in the translation process, namely in Farah CHAMMA’s poem ‘I am No Palestinian’. Our strategy aims at creating such equilibrium between the translator’s creativity and identity losses, which will allow the target reader to be an active participant in the understanding process and revealing the otherness of the source text. The poem of Farah CHAMMA is chosen as a case study in this research, because it reflects the human being struggle for independence and freedom. However, the independence in this context does not mean the liberation from the colonizer who enters with his armed forces and military weapons to your country, the colonizer nowadays enters your brain trough globalization, migration, media, internet, and all these factors contributed to the fusion of the traditional notion of identities. The Islamic Arabic identity is contaminated by the French, English, Spanish, German, Italian, Christian and Jewish identities due to this kind of colonialism which destroys all the identity and patriotism fundamentals such as: ethics, religion, thought, and of course language. This is why Farrah writes in her poem that she had lost her language and all the Arabic Palestinian identity that comes with, she masters many foreign languages but her mother tongue. She thinks, acts and does like the British, the French, The Portuguese poets and artists do, but she just knows little tales about the Palestinian poet Ziad RAFFIF who defends the Palestinian issue in his literary works. So, the poet Farah Chamma used the multilingualism in her poetry to draw a picture of the struggle that exists within herself, and to show us how a language can embody an identity with all its features. The multiplicity of identities may create a new identity for the writer of the source text. Thus, the translator will not deal anymore with all the different cultures that belong to the languages of the text, but he must instead, discover the new identity of this community that uses this kind of speech system i.e., the Code-Switching system. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/915 10.52919/translang.v21i2.915 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed Relation A related resource https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/915/770 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Traduction et Langues; Vol 21 No 2 (2022): Traduction et Langues Volume : 21 Numéro : 02 / Decembre 2022; 205-229 2600-6235 1112-3974 10.52919/translang.v21i2 Subject The topic of the resource Code-Switching Translation Multilingualism Multiculturality Identity Sociolect Dialect Macaronic literature Title A name given to the resource Challenges and Solutions to Translating Multilingual Literary Texts between Identity Custody and Translators’ Creativity: The case of Farah CHAMMA’s Poem Translation ‘I Am No Palestinian’ Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Articles Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mbah , Jean Bernard Kagoue Ngako , Marie Beatrice Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2022-12-31 Description An account of the resource Translation of German-European dietary recipes as a cultural transfer to Africa in Fatburner-Die 100 besten ALDI-Rezepte by Wolfgang Elsner (Inter-) cultural transfer is a phenomenon, which has been minimally studied in the field of translation of dietetics in particular and culinary arts in general. That is the reason why translation and Culinary art for dietetics are the main objectives of the present work, which takes a look at the translation of cooking recipes through the cultural transfer theory of Michel Espagne in particular. Through the commented translation of the recipe book Fatburner-Die 100 besten ALDI-Rezepte by the German writer called Wolfgang Elsner, this chunk of research shows how translation ensures the intercultural transfer from Europe (Germany) to Africa (French speaking countries) and vice-versa with the help of some translation techniques, strategies and methods. This research is structured in four main parts. It firstly shows the culinary art context and the feeding ways of the European-German world. Secondly, it portrays the significant transferable cultural aspects of culinary art which can be helpful to the African culture, while relaying on translation difficulties of receipts titles, ingredients, measurements and utensils. Thirdly, it exhibits the cultural transfer techniques or mechanisms that can be used by translators in order to adequately translate from one culture to the other in the culinary art or gastronomy from Europe to Africa. That means, this research shows the different strategies, mechanisms and translation´s astuteness which are appropriate for intercultural transfer during translation´s activities such as domestication (borrowings, transposition, explanation, Explizierung, etc.), and foreignisation (transposition, adaptation, equivalence, etc., which are two different translation´s strategies, that linguistically and culturally guide the translation, influence the ideological and cultural factors of  translation and impact the reader of the translated text. Elsewhere, in this third part, this research proposes some little astuteness to the translators (who develop a specific interest to the culinary arts), such as: avoiding automatic translation´s programs, partially and completely replacing certain measurements for adequateness, cooperating with specialists-translators in the domain of culinary art (gastronomy) and having the passion for cooking. Fourthly, this chunk of research questions the reasons of intercultural transfer from one anthropologic culture to the other and specifically from European-German world to the African-French-speaking countries. That is, this part presents the significance of cultural transfer in African countries. This cultural transferability are therefore a prior, because it helps in solving cultural and linguistic problems faced by translators and chefs in restaurants, hotels and foreign-cuisines in touristic sites in Africa; in having information about culinary trends and menus in welcoming areas in African countries; in learning and transferring the German-European culture to the African culture, which internationalises and globalises African and Cameroonian hotels and restaurants while developing the touristic sector in Africa; in having and developing intercultural competence not only for the translator, but also at the national scale and particularly for chefs in touristic sites, restaurants and hotels; and  solving some health problems in Africa, where many people are also suffering from diseases such as obesity, hypertensions, diabetes and other sickness related to fats and oil. This final aspect of the cultural transfer is very important for tourism in Africa, because the dietetics dimension of culinary art in hotels and restaurants can make advertisement and create more attractions for tourists from all over the world to the African continent. Finally, one of the major direct positive consequences of (inter)cultural transfer of culinary art from European-German to African-Cameroonian is the development of tourism and moreover, it helps to make the selection amongst the helpful European-German culture, which sustains African tourism and create the cultural bridge between the two culturally very different continents, whose relationship has always been full of tensions because of colonial chocks and intercultural misunderstandings during that passed period and even now. Translation of German-European dietary recipes as a cultural transfer to Africa in Fatburner-Die 100 besten ALDI-Rezepte by Wolfgang Elsner (Inter-) cultural transfer is a phenomenon, which has been minimally studied in the field of translation of dietetics in particular and culinary arts in general. That is the reason why translation and Culinary art for dietetics are the main objectives of the present work, which takes a look at the translation of cooking recipes through the cultural transfer theory of Michel Espagne in particular. Through the commented translation of the recipe book Fatburner-Die 100 besten ALDI-Rezepte by the German writer called Wolfgang Elsner, this chunk of research shows how translation ensures the intercultural transfer from Europe (Germany) to Africa (French speaking countries) and vice-versa with the help of some translation techniques, strategies and methods. This research is structured in four main parts. It firstly shows the culinary art context and the feeding ways of the European-German world. Secondly, it portrays the significant transferable cultural aspects of culinary art which can be helpful to the African culture, while relaying on translation difficulties of receipts titles, ingredients, measurements and utensils. Thirdly, it exhibits the cultural transfer techniques or mechanisms that can be used by translators in order to adequately translate from one culture to the other in the culinary art or gastronomy from Europe to Africa. That means, this research shows the different strategies, mechanisms and translation´s astuteness which are appropriate for intercultural transfer during translation´s activities such as domestication (borrowings, transposition, explanation, Explizierung, etc.), and foreignisation (transposition, adaptation, equivalence, etc., which are two different translation´s strategies, that linguistically and culturally guide the translation, influence the ideological and cultural factors of  translation and impact the reader of the translated text. Elsewhere, in this third part, this research proposes some little astuteness to the translators (who develop a specific interest to the culinary arts), such as: avoiding automatic translation´s programs, partially and completely replacing certain measurements for adequateness, cooperating with specialists-translators in the domain of culinary art (gastronomy) and having the passion for cooking. Fourthly, this chunk of research questions the reasons of intercultural transfer from one anthropologic culture to the other and specifically from European-German world to the African-French-speaking countries. That is, this part presents the significance of cultural transfer in African countries. This cultural transferability are therefore a prior, because it helps in solving cultural and linguistic problems faced by translators and chefs in restaurants, hotels and foreign-cuisines in touristic sites in Africa; in having information about culinary trends and menus in welcoming areas in African countries; in learning and transferring the German-European culture to the African culture, which internationalises and globalises African and Cameroonian hotels and restaurants while developing the touristic sector in Africa; in having and developing intercultural competence not only for the translator, but also at the national scale and particularly for chefs in touristic sites, restaurants and hotels; and  solving some health problems in Africa, where many people are also suffering from diseases such as obesity, hypertensions, diabetes and other sickness related to fats and oil. This final aspect of the cultural transfer is very important for tourism in Africa, because the dietetics dimension of culinary art in hotels and restaurants can make advertisement and create more attractions for tourists from all over the world to the African continent. Finally, one of the major direct positive consequences of (inter)cultural transfer of culinary art from European-German to African-Cameroonian is the development of tourism and moreover, it helps to make the selection amongst the helpful European-German culture, which sustains African tourism and create the cultural bridge between the two culturally very different continents, whose relationship has always been full of tensions because of colonial chocks and intercultural misunderstandings during that passed period and even now. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/914 10.52919/translang.v21i2.914 Language A language of the resource fra Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed Relation A related resource https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/914/769 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Traduction et Langues; Vol 21 No 2 (2022): Traduction et Langues Volume : 21 Numéro : 02 / Decembre 2022; 182-204 2600-6235 1112-3974 10.52919/translang.v21i2 Subject The topic of the resource Translation Mechanisms Culinary Art (Inter)cultural Transfer Intercultural Competence European-German Gastronomy Dietetics Title A name given to the resource Traduction des recettes diététiques germano-européennes comme transfert culturel vers l'Afrique dans Fatburner-Die 100 besten ALDI-Rezepte de Wolfgang Elsner Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Articles Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ochi , Khaled Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2022-12-31 Description An account of the resource The Translation of Authentic Documents in Tunisian School Textbooks between Relevance and Linguistic-Cultural Transgression The didactics of foreign languages is a discipline that covers all teaching/learning operations and more particularly didactic transposition. This operational approach requires the presence of several actors: a learner who receives the knowledge and a teacher who plays a pedagogical role of mediator between the knowledge and the learner, using tools, and approaches adapted to the level of the learners. To succeed in this task, the teacher must select and prepare relevant authentic documents. In addition, he will try to plan the lessons and themes to be treated and select the accompanying resources in better working conditions (time/space). The authentic document is a practical and tangible document that was not designed for pedagogical purposes but for communicative purposes. It is initially intended for native speakers; the teacher exploits it to enhance it in activities that he will propose in class. The authentic document can take various forms: written, oral, or audiovisual. But if it turns out that any change concerning the form and content has been made to the document such as the deletion or addition of one or more paragraphs, or their rhetorical flesh-out; or the addition of articulators between the proposals to facilitate for example the deduction, in this case we will rather speak of a manufactured didactic document. Pedagogical resources play an important role in the teaching-learning process, since their content should improve learners' skill levels. In the context of the use of textbooks very strongly recommended by official instructions. The translation of authentic documents into mother tongues is undeniable, their relevance depends on the needs of the learners and therefore on the learning processes. On the other hand, the translation of these documents requires prior language skills and cultural knowledge on the part of translators-pedagogues but also learners, at the risk of being inappropriate or even counterproductive. In fact, talking about relevance refers us to detecting the acts of receipt and authenticity of a document.  In class and in a well-defined production context, the authentic document is subject to different acceptance conditions. It is therefore necessary to prepare learners in advance to receive the translation of this document, so that they can grasp certain linguistic and contextual connivances. However, the translation of authentic documents presents a large number of constraints that restrict the possibility of their use in the teaching-learning process. Moreover, it is not always easy to find relevant translations whose content is adapted to the level of learners cognitively and culturally, their relative ambiguities can be prohibitive at the beginner and intermediate levels. On the other hand, translations with simple proposals, stated at a concise and slow pace with a clear articulation will be perfectly preferred. It is also necessary that the translated content corresponds to the pedagogical challenges of the teacher and the needs of the learners. This research deals with the translation of authentic documents into textbooks in Tunisia. It is an exploratory research with a comprehensive and analytical aim that relies on the quality of the texts produced in Arabic resulting from the translation of the source texts. It is objective to analyze the gap between the original texts in terms of authentic documents and their translation proposed in printed manuals. In particular, emphasis is placed on the linguistic-cultural relevance of translated texts and its relationship to the history of source texts. To achieve this objective, we opted for a tripartite analysis: The first part is a grammatical-comparative analysis of textual supports, the second part is a discursive and structural analysis of translated texts, while the last part, it focuses on the establishment and mobilization of cognitive and cultural baggage. The Translation of Authentic Documents in Tunisian School Textbooks between Relevance and Linguistic-Cultural Transgression The didactics of foreign languages is a discipline that covers all teaching/learning operations and more particularly didactic transposition. This operational approach requires the presence of several actors: a learner who receives the knowledge and a teacher who plays a pedagogical role of mediator between the knowledge and the learner, using tools, and approaches adapted to the level of the learners. To succeed in this task, the teacher must select and prepare relevant authentic documents. In addition, he will try to plan the lessons and themes to be treated and select the accompanying resources in better working conditions (time/space). The authentic document is a practical and tangible document that was not designed for pedagogical purposes but for communicative purposes. It is initially intended for native speakers; the teacher exploits it to enhance it in activities that he will propose in class. The authentic document can take various forms: written, oral, or audiovisual. But if it turns out that any change concerning the form and content has been made to the document such as the deletion or addition of one or more paragraphs, or their rhetorical flesh-out; or the addition of articulators between the proposals to facilitate for example the deduction, in this case we will rather speak of a manufactured didactic document. Pedagogical resources play an important role in the teaching-learning process, since their content should improve learners' skill levels. In the context of the use of textbooks very strongly recommended by official instructions. The translation of authentic documents into mother tongues is undeniable, their relevance depends on the needs of the learners and therefore on the learning processes. On the other hand, the translation of these documents requires prior language skills and cultural knowledge on the part of translators-pedagogues but also learners, at the risk of being inappropriate or even counterproductive. In fact, talking about relevance refers us to detecting the acts of receipt and authenticity of a document.  In class and in a well-defined production context, the authentic document is subject to different acceptance conditions. It is therefore necessary to prepare learners in advance to receive the translation of this document, so that they can grasp certain linguistic and contextual connivances. However, the translation of authentic documents presents a large number of constraints that restrict the possibility of their use in the teaching-learning process. Moreover, it is not always easy to find relevant translations whose content is adapted to the level of learners cognitively and culturally, their relative ambiguities can be prohibitive at the beginner and intermediate levels. On the other hand, translations with simple proposals, stated at a concise and slow pace with a clear articulation will be perfectly preferred. It is also necessary that the translated content corresponds to the pedagogical challenges of the teacher and the needs of the learners. This research deals with the translation of authentic documents into textbooks in Tunisia. It is an exploratory research with a comprehensive and analytical aim that relies on the quality of the texts produced in Arabic resulting from the translation of the source texts. It is objective to analyze the gap between the original texts in terms of authentic documents and their translation proposed in printed manuals. In particular, emphasis is placed on the linguistic-cultural relevance of translated texts and its relationship to the history of source texts. To achieve this objective, we opted for a tripartite analysis: The first part is a grammatical-comparative analysis of textual supports, the second part is a discursive and structural analysis of translated texts, while the last part, it focuses on the establishment and mobilization of cognitive and cultural baggage. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/913 10.52919/translang.v21i2.913 Language A language of the resource fra Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed Relation A related resource https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/913/768 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Traduction et Langues; Vol 21 No 2 (2022): Traduction et Langues Volume : 21 Numéro : 02 / Decembre 2022; 163-181 2600-6235 1112-3974 10.52919/translang.v21i2 Subject The topic of the resource Cognitive baggage Authentic document Discursive Transgression Translation Grammatical Transgression Title A name given to the resource La traduction des documents authentiques dans les manuels scolaires Tunisiens entre pertinence et transgression linguistico-culturelle Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Articles Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Quinault , Diffo Leonie Jean Pierre, Atouga Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2022-12-31 Description An account of the resource Human beings experience all sorts of emotions: sadness, fear, joy, anger, etc. which they communicate to their surrounding through language. As such, emotions are embedded in culture and thus differ from one person to another according to the cultural context and specific situations or events that trigger them. They can be expressed in action, for instance boxing in order to evacuate once anger, or in writing through language. Language is thus relevant for emotion and plays a key role in expressing emotions. There thus exists a close link between emotion and language. This partly explains why literary works, be it drama, prose or poetry are highly characterised by emotional discourse. This is because writers in order to educate, to sensitise, to entertain or to get the support of readers on an issue, evoke their emotions by the use of linguistic tools such as tone, diction, figurative languages, etc. However, despite the pervasiveness of emotions in literary texts, the translation of emotional discourse remains a challenging task. The reason being that, although emotions have been broadly searched in the domain of psychology, it remains under investigated in the domain of translation studies. As compared to other fields where the areas of investigation of emotions are types of emotions, emotions vocabulary in a specific culture, the measurement of the intensity of emotions, the cross-cultural similarities of emotion words, emotion meaning across culture, emotional problems, the manifestation of emotions, and so on, most translation scholars fail to investigate translation strategies which can be suitable to render emotions conveyed in a text. Some of these scholars limit themselves to the difficulties posed by the translation of emotions, and to finding equivalence in emotion words that exist between languages. This study thus aims at investigating translation strategies suitable to render the meaning of emotional discourse embedded in a literary work and their effects in the translation process, while focusing on the stylistic signals of emotions in a literary work more precisely in Djaïli Amadou Amal’s Munyal: Les Larmes de la Patience, and their translatability. It thus provides grounds for the translation of emotions, and comes up with translation strategies adapted for their translation. It also sheds light on what should be considered as the translation unit during their rendering. For this purpose, the emotions concerned in this study are anger, fear and sadness; and the selected emotional cultural phenomena dealt with in this research cut across borders. Besides, the study was grounded on the polysystem theory backed up by few literary and language theories. Also, it opted for a mixed approach. This approach enabled the collection of qualitative data through documentary research and textual analysis carried out both at the macro-textual level and at the micro-textual level; and quantitative data through statistics. The results of the investigation showed that stylistic signals of emotions in a literary text are dialogue, the author naming and describing emotions experienced by characters, characters’ choice of words, the description of characters’ facial expression, characters’ tone, the narrator tone and characters’ attitude. In addition to this, the study also revealed that translation strategies proposed by Chesterman (1997) more precisely literal translation, information change and explicitness change can be used to render the meaning of emotional discourse embedded in a text. These strategies can also be combined and used. Furthermore, the investigations also highlighted that in translating emotional discourse, a translator can either be “source-oriented” or “target-oriented”; or both. Given that both source and target-oriented strategies were used. Besides, the results also showed that in translating emotional discourse the translator should take into account sentences in their entirety and not isolated terms.        Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/912 10.52919/translang.v21i2.912 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed Relation A related resource https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/912/767 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Traduction et Langues; Vol 21 No 2 (2022): Traduction et Langues Volume : 21 Numéro : 02 / Decembre 2022; 146-162 2600-6235 1112-3974 10.52919/translang.v21i2 Subject The topic of the resource Translation Translatability Emotion Emotional Discourse Title A name given to the resource Assessing the Translatability of Emotional Discourse in Djaïli Amadou Amal’s Munyal “Les Larmes de La Patience Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Articles Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bin Saran, Abdullah Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2022-12-31 Description An account of the resource Artificial Intelligence and Language Technologies in the Field of Translation   The present paper deals with the opportunities which language technologies and artificial intelligence might offer for translation professionals. The paper also examines and elucidates that these technologies might contain possible problems, hurdles and obstacles. But the researcher reinforces that they also possess the necessary skills, competencies and prerequisites for the successful implementation and use of these technologies as illustrated in the Literature Review and Discussion parts of this research. It has also been shown that the successful implementation of such tools requires both institutional and technical prerequisites. A not inconsiderable problem, however, is the question of the what extent to which and whether the significance of the digital translator can also be adequately illustrated and clarified in the non-institutional private sector. Current developments in this respect unfortunately tend to point to the opposite, i.e. to the degradation of his role to a mere "helper" of the machine that (apparently) does most of the translation work. Translators, then, will ultimately only be able to truly benefit from language technology and artificial intelligence if their status is not further compromised as a result. It is not very helpful if productivity and speed can be increased, but in inverse proportion to this, the fees constantly decrease, because it is made to appear that the computer is now doing most of the work. The end result of this development would be the digital slave rather than the highly professional digital language mediator. The paper projects that language technologies and artificial intelligence potentially offer benefits in the sense that they promote a better understanding and functioning of the symbiosis between humans and machines through the automation and streamlining of certain language-related workflow processes, i.e., a set of tasks that can be performed primarily - or even entirely - through workflow automation and with the help of content management software. Through the various past research on the subject and through secondary data analysis it has been analysed and stated in the paper that the potential acceleration of work processes improves overall efficiency by requiring less time to complete the same tasks. Therefore, this study evidently establishes the argument that artificial intelligence allows human actors to focus on more meaningful tasks associated with quality control, while routine and especially technical tasks are delegated (for the most part) to the machine. This also leaves more time for creative aspects. Artificial intelligence and language technology are not only relevant for translating, but also for interpreting, even if progress in this area is still somewhat slower and a paradigm shift has yet to occur. In this regard, conference interpreting is of particular interest. Problematically, the relevant software has so far lacked the cognitive, cultural, intellectual, and emotional skills that inevitably underlie qualitatively responsive interpretation. But at least it is possible to improve the interpreter's preparation for a meeting or conference. The relevant tools have so far only a supporting role to play. Language technologies and artificial intelligence potentially offer benefits in the sense that they promote a better understanding and functioning of the symbiosis between humans and machines through the automation and streamlining of certain language-related workflow processes, i.e., a set of tasks that can be performed mainly - or even entirely through workflow automation and with the help of content management software. Further development of artificial intelligence, machine translation has recently made significant progress. Nevertheless, it is common practice to first subject the machine-translated text to review or proofreading by a human translator. Post-editing is the process of using a machine-translated text as a basis and having it improved by a human translator. This means that the human translator ultimately creates the final translation. Artificial Intelligence and Language Technologies in the Field of Translation   The present paper deals with the opportunities which language technologies and artificial intelligence might offer for translation professionals. The paper also examines and elucidates that these technologies might contain possible problems, hurdles and obstacles. But the researcher reinforces that they also possess the necessary skills, competencies and prerequisites for the successful implementation and use of these technologies as illustrated in the Literature Review and Discussion parts of this research. It has also been shown that the successful implementation of such tools requires both institutional and technical prerequisites. A not inconsiderable problem, however, is the question of the what extent to which and whether the significance of the digital translator can also be adequately illustrated and clarified in the non-institutional private sector. Current developments in this respect unfortunately tend to point to the opposite, i.e. to the degradation of his role to a mere "helper" of the machine that (apparently) does most of the translation work. Translators, then, will ultimately only be able to truly benefit from language technology and artificial intelligence if their status is not further compromised as a result. It is not very helpful if productivity and speed can be increased, but in inverse proportion to this, the fees constantly decrease, because it is made to appear that the computer is now doing most of the work. The end result of this development would be the digital slave rather than the highly professional digital language mediator. The paper projects that language technologies and artificial intelligence potentially offer benefits in the sense that they promote a better understanding and functioning of the symbiosis between humans and machines through the automation and streamlining of certain language-related workflow processes, i.e., a set of tasks that can be performed primarily - or even entirely - through workflow automation and with the help of content management software. Through the various past research on the subject and through secondary data analysis it has been analysed and stated in the paper that the potential acceleration of work processes improves overall efficiency by requiring less time to complete the same tasks. Therefore, this study evidently establishes the argument that artificial intelligence allows human actors to focus on more meaningful tasks associated with quality control, while routine and especially technical tasks are delegated (for the most part) to the machine. This also leaves more time for creative aspects. Artificial intelligence and language technology are not only relevant for translating, but also for interpreting, even if progress in this area is still somewhat slower and a paradigm shift has yet to occur. In this regard, conference interpreting is of particular interest. Problematically, the relevant software has so far lacked the cognitive, cultural, intellectual, and emotional skills that inevitably underlie qualitatively responsive interpretation. But at least it is possible to improve the interpreter's preparation for a meeting or conference. The relevant tools have so far only a supporting role to play. Language technologies and artificial intelligence potentially offer benefits in the sense that they promote a better understanding and functioning of the symbiosis between humans and machines through the automation and streamlining of certain language-related workflow processes, i.e., a set of tasks that can be performed mainly - or even entirely through workflow automation and with the help of content management software. Further development of artificial intelligence, machine translation has recently made significant progress. Nevertheless, it is common practice to first subject the machine-translated text to review or proofreading by a human translator. Post-editing is the process of using a machine-translated text as a basis and having it improved by a human translator. This means that the human translator ultimately creates the final translation. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/910 10.52919/translang.v21i2.910 Language A language of the resource deu Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed Relation A related resource https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/910/766 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Traduction et Langues; Vol 21 No 2 (2022): Traduction et Langues Volume : 21 Numéro : 02 / Decembre 2022; 129-145 2600-6235 1112-3974 10.52919/translang.v21i2 Subject The topic of the resource artificial intelligence translation language technologies learning Ability translation language technologies Translation learning Ability Artificial intelligence Title A name given to the resource Künstliche Intelligenz und Sprachtechnologien im Bereich der Translation Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Articles Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Afaf, Said Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2022-12-31 Description An account of the resource Translation of Toponyms: Lexico-narrative tools or sociopolitical obligation? Translations of place names in The Times of Israel and WAFA as a case study    Why is the city of al-Qods called « al-Qods » for the Palestinians and « Yerushalaim » for the Israelis, why is a street crossing this city called « Saladin Street » by the Palestinians and « Tsahal Street » by the Israelis, what happened at the top of the Temple Mount, or on the Esplanade of the Mosques/ al-Haram Ash Sharif? For more than 100 years, toponymy has become one of the criteria specific to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Through Mona Baker's narrative approach, the article investigates the specificity of the translation of conflicting designations and examines the consciousness of translators in relation to the narrative role of toponyms in the construction and circulation of Palestinian culture and identity and their legitimation on an international scale. We have therefore chosen the Israeli newspaper the Times of Israel and the Palestinian news agency WAFA to highlight these issues. Toponymy serves to preserve the collective memory, since a name contains information about the past of the place, about the people who live there, and its reputation. It is a springboard that takes us beyond the name itself as a linguistic sign. In this spirit and based on deep historical and religious links that link designations to a particular culture, place names serve to legitimize and/or delegitimize the stories that surround them. Translation is therefore far from being an apolitical act, which is why we will try to highlight the treatment given to conflicting toponyms in translation through the analysis of some examples taken from the media mentioned. We will adopt Mona Baker's approach to the analysis of translated passages. In other words, this article is an attempt to understand the narrative role of media translation when it comes to place names. The methodology is based on the potential relation between space, conflict and ideology. Multiple reflections are discussed, but we opted for the one that gives justice to the role of translators as resistants. We particularly mobilized Mona Baker’s strategy « framing by labeling » in an attempt to explain the initial narratives and the contribution of their translations whether to guarantee their continuity and/or repression beyond the linguistic borders. This is to finally try to bring answers to our main research question: What is the status of the translator / narrator specialized in media translation? Does he opt for domestication or foreignization in his translations of place names? Based on the observation of some selected passages and their respective translations in English and Arabic, the objective of our work of research is to highlight the semantic charge of the disputed double designations related to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Through a comparative analysis of the strategies adopted in two different media outlets, we have demonstrated their preferences in their translations of place names, while explaining the narrative impact of these names on their readers according to the initial discourses they mobilize. In this spirit, we started with a brief introduction to explain the specificity of names translation then explained our research question accompanied with its source of inspiration. Then, we demonstrated the specificity of our case of study from a historical and political point of view, before we moved to a deeper explanation from a narrative point of view. To guarantee a better understanding of this aspect, we found it appropriate to represent the editorial line of each media as well as the identity issues behind place names. Finally, we moved to a thorough analysis of place names and their translations in The Times of Israel and WAFA before we represent our comparative analysis and the answers to our research question.   Translation of Toponyms: Lexico-narrative tools or sociopolitical obligation? Translations of place names in The Times of Israel and WAFA as a case study    Why is the city of al-Qods called « al-Qods » for the Palestinians and « Yerushalaim » for the Israelis, why is a street crossing this city called « Saladin Street » by the Palestinians and « Tsahal Street » by the Israelis, what happened at the top of the Temple Mount, or on the Esplanade of the Mosques/ al-Haram Ash Sharif? For more than 100 years, toponymy has become one of the criteria specific to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Through Mona Baker's narrative approach, the article investigates the specificity of the translation of conflicting designations and examines the consciousness of translators in relation to the narrative role of toponyms in the construction and circulation of Palestinian culture and identity and their legitimation on an international scale. We have therefore chosen the Israeli newspaper the Times of Israel and the Palestinian news agency WAFA to highlight these issues. Toponymy serves to preserve the collective memory, since a name contains information about the past of the place, about the people who live there, and its reputation. It is a springboard that takes us beyond the name itself as a linguistic sign. In this spirit and based on deep historical and religious links that link designations to a particular culture, place names serve to legitimize and/or delegitimize the stories that surround them. Translation is therefore far from being an apolitical act, which is why we will try to highlight the treatment given to conflicting toponyms in translation through the analysis of some examples taken from the media mentioned. We will adopt Mona Baker's approach to the analysis of translated passages. In other words, this article is an attempt to understand the narrative role of media translation when it comes to place names. The methodology is based on the potential relation between space, conflict and ideology. Multiple reflections are discussed, but we opted for the one that gives justice to the role of translators as resistants. We particularly mobilized Mona Baker’s strategy « framing by labeling » in an attempt to explain the initial narratives and the contribution of their translations whether to guarantee their continuity and/or repression beyond the linguistic borders. This is to finally try to bring answers to our main research question: What is the status of the translator / narrator specialized in media translation? Does he opt for domestication or foreignization in his translations of place names? Based on the observation of some selected passages and their respective translations in English and Arabic, the objective of our work of research is to highlight the semantic charge of the disputed double designations related to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Through a comparative analysis of the strategies adopted in two different media outlets, we have demonstrated their preferences in their translations of place names, while explaining the narrative impact of these names on their readers according to the initial discourses they mobilize. In this spirit, we started with a brief introduction to explain the specificity of names translation then explained our research question accompanied with its source of inspiration. Then, we demonstrated the specificity of our case of study from a historical and political point of view, before we moved to a deeper explanation from a narrative point of view. To guarantee a better understanding of this aspect, we found it appropriate to represent the editorial line of each media as well as the identity issues behind place names. Finally, we moved to a thorough analysis of place names and their translations in The Times of Israel and WAFA before we represent our comparative analysis and the answers to our research question.   Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/909 10.52919/translang.v21i2.909 Language A language of the resource fra Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed Relation A related resource https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/909/765 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Traduction et Langues; Vol 21 No 2 (2022): Traduction et Langues Volume : 21 Numéro : 02 / Decembre 2022; 109-128 2600-6235 1112-3974 10.52919/translang.v21i2 Subject The topic of the resource Translation Typonyms cultural conflict identity issues transediting Title A name given to the resource Traduction des toponymes : Outils lexico-narratifs ou obligation sociopolitique ? Le cas de la traduction des toponymes dans The Times of Israël et WAFA Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Articles Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thawabteh, Mohammad Ahmad Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2022-12-31 Description An account of the resource Translation Studies comprises different approaches to translation, e.g., linguistics-oriented, functionalist, discourse register analysis, philosophical, reception theory, among many others. As for reception theory, it is found that when and where a given text is translated and the influences it is likely to exert on its audience is very useful as an approach to translation. The time and place of the text reception then tends to be significant. The current article presents a critical and elaborate analysis of the (sub)cultural environment in Palestine which has failed to assure better reception of the translation of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) as manifested in a Palestinian context, but rather has mounted perceptibly some social and political tension in the reception; the original version of CEDAW Convention was first published by the United Nations of Human Rights: Office of the High Commissioner on 18 December 1979, followed by the translations into four languages (Arabic, Chinese, French and Spanish). The article first looks at contiguous and overlapping disciplines: reception theory and translation bringing them together for a stimulating vision for an eclectic approach in which translation has established good relations with multifarious disciplines. The article then carefully examines the fairly comprehensible translations of the convention to an Arab audience, taking cue from Meidasari’s (2014) reception theory in which reader’s involvement in the initial understanding and developing interpretation is fully considered. The article then scrutinizes Arabic translation which has quite a different contextual and function, obviously a mere transference of a range of meanings inherent in a given utterance across languages and cultures; however, when Palestinian National Authority (PNA) became a full member recognizing CEDAW in 2014, the translation has been given a new lease of life and it exceeds mere ostentatious linguistic realization of the Source Language (SL) to become an issue of immense importance for a text reception whereby the translation is thus expected to gain instrumentality, that is, to meet and to fit in with  the Target Language (TL) expectations. The reception of CEDAW Convention into Arabic decades after it was issued, namely 1979 stresses the importance of time and place. The time difference of the reception of the translation is considered of paramount importance. The findings of the present article, however, shows that the reception of CEDAW Convention into Arabic combines in an intricate web of intersecting political and ideological relations. The same TL triggers two different reception groups on the part of the TL audience, and thus creates a kind of overwhelming tug-of-war relation in the groups. For the first group, the translation is the coat of arms for Palestinian women to enable them to fight for their rights and has consequently adopted adulatory tone as it conforms to the readers’ aesthetic expectations. For the other group, however, it constitutes the emasculation and marginalization of meritorious pillars Islam. The article concludes that the Palestine has been invariably buffeted by social and political upheaval, and the translation role should be expected to drastically change. Before the 1990s, the translation has actually a minimal role to play as Palestinians had been through the stiffest resistance against Israeli occupation which openly violated (and is still violating) international law. With the establishment of the PNA in 1994 which has exercised civil control on West Bank, new social and political realities emerged, paving the way for a kind of more social-international interaction. Thus, based on social milieu (be secular or Islamic) the translation is received. It has come in for criticism by Islamist, but applauded by secularist regardless of being two sides of the same coin.   Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/908 10.52919/translang.v21i2.908 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed Relation A related resource https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/908/764 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Traduction et Langues; Vol 21 No 2 (2022): Traduction et Langues Volume : 21 Numéro : 02 / Decembre 2022; 92-108 2600-6235 1112-3974 10.52919/translang.v21i2 Subject The topic of the resource CEDAW convention Reception theory Audience attitudes Ideology Title A name given to the resource Two Receptive Audiences for the Same Translated Text: The reception of CEDAW Convention in Occupied Palestine as a case study Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Articles Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kozanda , Dominik Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2022-12-31 Description An account of the resource Observation On Intercultural-Communicative and Psychosocial-dynamic Behaviours of (un)biased Thought Webs on the basis of German-Emirate Cultural Relations Highly specific theoretical and practical, essentially intercultural-communicative aspects within the German-Emirati psychosocial-dynamic relationship were observed during several research stays in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). This exploration intended to regard and describe these in greater detail by means of an empirical-exploratory approach, trying to offer a more precise definition of some traditional perspectives of stereotype and prejudice research from a German standpoint towards the UAE. Findings include i. a. highly specific cultural subtleties and nuances that enabled to learn and better understand highly complex (inter)cultural dynamics of various aspects related to specific stereotypes and prejudices between the two countries that were studied (the UAE and Germany). Among some prejudices and stereotypes that are said to describe on a rather general level diverse behaviour patterns of many Emirati citizens in the UAE, for instance, one reads hospitality, megalomania, polygamy, xenophobia, sexism, overpricing, corruption, hatred of women, anti-alcoholism, religious radicalism, overstatement, lack of humor, fine taste, solidarity, integrity, unpunctuality, friendliness or introversion (...). These stereotypes and prejudices are subject to extensive research within the scope of diverse fields of study, such as linguistic, cultural, social, evolutionary or ethnic anthropology. However, it seems certain highly specific psychosocial-dynamic aspects linked to German viewpoints towards the UAE have been understudied to date. Among these, for example, intercultural communication plays a pivotal role in analyzing situations in which people with different cultural backgrounds interact. Culture determines how individuals shape messages, what means they use to transmit these, and how they interpret the messages. In the broadest sense, culture refers to all manifestations of human existence that are based on certain values and learned behavior which in turn are expressed in ‘permanent creation’ and preservation of values. This declaration is of relevance when ‘German’ viewpoints towards the UAE are regarded more closely, as these could be most amply characterized as complex. Demeaning perspectives leading to stereotypes and prejudices are not an exception in this particular case. The UAE are continuously reduced to an oil-rich country, disregarding i. a. social, cultural, political (…) merits. However, an image of acceptance and tolerance seems to have prevailed for some controversially discussed stereotypes and prejudices related to the UAE from German perspectives if it is delved more profoundly into (inter)cultural values that are not necessarily regarded disrespectfully as we have been able to recognize. Openness, tolerance and diversity can now be attributed to the UAE more than ever as a product of large changes. These have taken place recently in a place which has been inhabited for over 125,000 years, having been at the crossroads interculturality for many civilizations in the Middle-East and the world throughout the ages. Such as cultural variety is contemporary witness to (inter)cultural values that are often inseparably molten with cultural, religious, political, diplomatic and pacifist intentions. Critical approaches to aspects alike the aforementioned Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/907 10.52919/translang.v21i2.907 Language A language of the resource deu Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed Relation A related resource https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/907/763 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Traduction et Langues; Vol 21 No 2 (2022): Traduction et Langues Volume : 21 Numéro : 02 / Decembre 2022; 76-91 2600-6235 1112-3974 10.52919/translang.v21i2 Subject The topic of the resource communication intercultural communication intercultural competence stereotype and prejudice research culture UAE Language interpretation and transation psychosocial-dynamics psychosocial-dynamics communication intercultural communication intercultural competence stereotype and prejiduce research culture UAE Language interpretation and translation psychological-dynamics Title A name given to the resource Beobachtung interkulturell-kommunikativer und psychosozial-dynamischer Verhaltensweisen (un)voreingenommener Gedankengeflechte am Beispiel deutsch-emiratischer, kultureller Beziehungen Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article