<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://ajpsdz.org/dx/items/browse?output=omeka-xml&amp;page=77" accessDate="2026-09-29T16:44:18+00:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>77</pageNumber>
      <perPage>10</perPage>
      <totalResults>8556</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="7799" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="51">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115964">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="303802">
                  <text>Traduction et Langues</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331089">
                <text>Samir, Aynaz</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331090">
                <text>2023-06-30</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331091">
                <text>One of the most difficult tasks that translators deal with when dubbing or subtitling an audiovisual product is translating offensive terms or expressions such as taboos. Translators must handle the translation of taboos with care, as their equivalents may be contrary to the religion and cultural norms of the target country. To that end, some strategies should be employed by translators to choose appropriate equivalents based on the cultural and religious norms of the target language. Thus, the current study aimed to investigate the strategies employed in subtitling and dubbing English taboos in seven episodes of one American television series using Davoodi’s (2009) model. This was corpus-based research that has a qualitative-quantitative method with a comparative approach. To conduct the study, the American English drama crime TV series The Big Little Lies (2019) season two was chosen as the study corpus. 174 taboos, specifically Sh*t and F*k word, were found based on Sharifi and Darchinian's (2009) model in the above- mentioned TV series. Descriptive statistics have been run to examine the frequencies and percentages of implemented translation strategies in subtitling and dubbing the taboos. The results revealed that “Substitution”, and “Censorship” were the commonly most frequently used strategies in Persian subtitled and dubbed versions of taboos. Moreover, the findings of the Chi-square test indicated that no significant difference was identified between the strategies of Iranian translators in subtitling and dubbing taboos. The findings of this research can be useful for subtitlers, dubbers, and translation students in Iran who specialize in translating English TV series.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331092">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331093">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/943</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331094">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v22i1.943</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331095">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331096">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331098">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/943/796</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331100">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 22 No 1 (2023): Traduction et Langues Volume : 22 Numéro : 01 / June 2023; 312-333</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331102">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331103">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331105">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v22i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331107">
                <text>Dubbing</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331109">
                <text>Subtitling</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331111">
                <text>Taboo  Words</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331113">
                <text>Translation  Strategies</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331115">
                <text>Investigating the Translators’ Strategies in  Subtitling and Dubbing of Taboos in American  Drama Television Series The Big Little Lies (2019)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331117">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331119">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331121">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7798" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="52">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115965">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="305416">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331067">
                <text>Ghiboub, Abdelhak</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331068">
                <text>2015-08-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331069">
                <text>This research tries to investigate the link between cultural constraints and the difficulties faced by EFL users when speaking. The main objectives are: first, to find a theoretical grounding with which the link of the socio-cultural environment to language can be explained and second, to find an effective method of investigation that proves the existence of a socio-cultural influence on EFL users rendering and specially speaking. Finally, the research will show that the four socio-cultural dimensions (environment, language, gender and age) have an important effect on EFL learners' oral-expressive rendering (speaking).</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331070">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331071">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/788</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331072">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v14i1.788</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331073">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331074">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331075">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/788/657</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331076">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 14 No 1 (2015): Traduction et Langues Volume: 14 Numéro: 01 / Août 2015; 196-204</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331077">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331078">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331079">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v14i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331080">
                <text>Sociocultural</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331081">
                <text>Understanding</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331082">
                <text>Age</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331083">
                <text>Gender Speaking</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331084">
                <text>Environment</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331085">
                <text>An Environmental Understanding of Culture and  Speaking: The case of prosody</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331086">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331087">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331088">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7797" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="52">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115965">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="305416">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331042">
                <text>Djebaili, Baya</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331043">
                <text>2015-08-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331044">
                <text>Financial Text Translation
Nowadays, specialized translation has acquired a great importance in different fields, particularly in the domain of affairs and finance. The domains covered by financial translation are various. They range from simple economic research to the most complex accounting studies. It is thus necessary for this translation to have a deep knowledge of the issue to be tackled, and a total mastery of the mechanisms of finance. Translating the financial terminology is the greatest obstacle that a translator meets in his work. This is due to its technical nature as well as the different neologisms regularly used in the language of finance. The most important element of this piece of work is the importance of research in both documentation and terminology. If these two elements are properly carried out, they allow the translator to translate any specialized text in any field without necessarily being a specialist in the domain in question. Nevertheless, he must usually carry out continuous research and have a universal knowledge. He also has to enrich and update his databases and terminological files to make of his translation a driving force for the coming translations.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331045">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331046">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/787</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331047">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v14i1.787</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331048">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331049">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331050">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/787/658</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331051">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 14 No 1 (2015): Traduction et Langues Volume: 14 Numéro: 01 / Août 2015; 243-254</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331052">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331053">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331054">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v14i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331055">
                <text>Financial translation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331056">
                <text>specialized language</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331057">
                <text>documentary research</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331058">
                <text>terminological research</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331059">
                <text>Financial translation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331060">
                <text>specialized language</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331061">
                <text>documentary research</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331062">
                <text>terminological research</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331063">
                <text>ترجمة النص المالي</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331064">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331065">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331066">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7796" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="52">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115965">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="305416">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331017">
                <text>Miri Benabdallah, Imène</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331018">
                <text>2015-08-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331019">
                <text>Code-Switching: Pun and/or meaning effect in journalistic discourse ?
Our research in Sciences of the Language suggests studying the linguistic practices of the used languages in the journalistic speech, and more particularly that of the journalistic columns (chronicles) "Tranche de Vie" of the Daily paper of Oran. From a set of neologisms, of lexical loans and of code alternations, we operate an analysis of the lexical creativity of used French in the journalistic speech. The processing of the linguistic specificities is going to allow us to study the realities of the use of the French language beside the other languages in a media context and to describe their mode of operation in this type of speech. Our objective is to report the discursive and linguistic dynamics of the use of French and the other languages in Algeria, and it is true through the study of the functioning of a specific lexicon appropriate to a journalistic, appearing writing.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331020">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331021">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/786</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331022">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v14i1.786</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331023">
                <text>fra</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331024">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331025">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/786/656</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331026">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 14 No 1 (2015): Traduction et Langues Volume: 14 Numéro: 01 / Août 2015; 151-158</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331027">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331028">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331029">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v14i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331030">
                <text>Code-switching</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331031">
                <text>discourse</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331032">
                <text>language</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331033">
                <text>neologism</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331034">
                <text>Code-Switching</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331035">
                <text>discourse</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331036">
                <text>language</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331037">
                <text>neologism</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331038">
                <text>L’alternance codique : jeu de mot et/ou effet de sens  Dans le discours journalistique ?</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331039">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331040">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331041">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7795" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="52">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115965">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="305416">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330994">
                <text>Boughouas, Lemya</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330995">
                <text>Ouahmiche, Ghania</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330996">
                <text>2015-08-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330997">
                <text>Admittedly, English language teaching philosophy should not include preaching about linguistic and communicative skills solely. The shortcomings of the preceding approaches result in students being unable to solve problems of cultural clashes, probable to take place in learning English. Hence, the insertion of the intercultural paradigm as a new educational philosophy facilitates the process of discovering other foreign cultural dimensions and enjoying that cultural difference most importantly. It gives for urging students to get along with the calls of active learning in creating a third space of interculturality from which to consider the other. The world of literature is a perfect depiction of the sociocultural realities of people and so it offers a short path through the way of learning about certain social conducts that were up till then alien. Equipping students with aspects of thirdness will help them develop positive perceptions towards the content being read in English. This paper provides the theoretical background that led to the inclusion of the concept of thirdness with its relation to language and literary text. It also suggests some classroom activities for the sake of fostering a positive stance towards the foreign culture.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330998">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330999">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/785</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331000">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v14i1.785</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331001">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331002">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331003">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/785/655</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331004">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 14 No 1 (2015): Traduction et Langues Volume: 14 Numéro: 01 / Août 2015; 13-27</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331005">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331006">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331007">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v14i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331008">
                <text>culture</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331009">
                <text>intercultural competence</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331010">
                <text>thirdness</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331011">
                <text>literary texts</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331012">
                <text>literary analysis</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331013">
                <text>Thirdness and its bearings on students’ views of the  ‘Other’: Tying the knot between the literary and the  intercultural</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331014">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331015">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="331016">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7794" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="52">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115965">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="305416">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330972">
                <text>Labed, Zohra</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330973">
                <text>2015-08-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330974">
                <text>Despite the official claims that Algeria is assembled around one language, sociolinguistic observations however substantiate the existence of multilingualism, the use of more than one language, in the country. Historically, different races co-inhabited with the Algerian indigenous Berbers. The phoneticians have marked their presence within the Algerian territories and been followed by the Europeans and the Arabs. Although it is only foreign today, French has exercised the most remarkable European impact on the Algerians. Classical Arabic, the language of Islam, has been elevated to the status of official and first national language. Dialectal Arabic is the native variety of the Algerian majority, simultaneously with the Berber minority language being also the second national language. Moreover, the global English language does not quit gaining ground in the country. The media is one politico-economic fountainhead of information and entertainment with a wide range of viewers worldwide. The Algerians are increasingly facing new media TV channels of which many are featured by multilingualism in their appellation. This paper focuses on this present sociolinguistic situation and attempts to describe the different manifestations of the phenomenon of multilingualism at this level.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330975">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330976">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/784</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330977">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v14i1.784</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330978">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330979">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330980">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/784/654</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330981">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 14 No 1 (2015): Traduction et Langues Volume: 14 Numéro: 01 / Août 2015; 117-131</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330982">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330983">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330984">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v14i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330985">
                <text>monolinguism</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330986">
                <text>multilinguism</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330987">
                <text>diglossia</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330988">
                <text>TV channels</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330989">
                <text>logo</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330990">
                <text>Multilingualism in Algeria: the case of appellation  of Algerian TV channels</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330991">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330992">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330993">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7793" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="52">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115965">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="305416">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330941">
                <text>Bentayeb, Nacera</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330942">
                <text>2015-08-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330943">
                <text>Humor Literature and Teaching Foreign Languages and Translation: A Study in Teaching English Language and Translation
In the present article, we would like to introduce the role of humor literature in teaching the English language and translation from two sides, one is based on the didactics of English language features and its bases, and the second one aims at clarifying the role of punctuation in translation didactics. This is because we believe that this method is not related with the art of education as much as it is related with the psychological aspect of the learner to encourage him to acquire the knowledge easily with pleasure and a funny way of communication. In this context, we are trying to shed light on the following aspects: To define the humor literature and its forms, and to clarify the importance of this type of literature and arts that we find an important factor to motivate the learner through the exploitation of jokes which is a distinct and a familiar didactic method in which the learner can easily and freely absorb it. In addition, this helps him to actively participate and express his opinions and mental abilities and to develop his cultural knowledge. Besides, it reduces the pressure and the tension in the didactics process on an ongoing basis so that the learner remains comfortable.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330944">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330945">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/782</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330946">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v14i1.782</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330947">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330948">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330949">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/782/652</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330950">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 14 No 1 (2015): Traduction et Langues Volume: 14 Numéro: 01 / Août 2015; 255-270</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330951">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330952">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330953">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v14i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330954">
                <text>Humor literature</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330955">
                <text>Teaching</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330956">
                <text>The English language</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330957">
                <text>Translation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330958">
                <text>Didactics</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330959">
                <text>Jokes</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330960">
                <text>The learner</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330961">
                <text>Humor literature</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330962">
                <text>Teaching</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330963">
                <text>The English language</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330964">
                <text>Translation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330965">
                <text>Didactics</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330966">
                <text>Jokes</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330967">
                <text>The learner</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330968">
                <text>أدب الفكاهة وتعليمية اللغات الأجنبية والترجمة:   دراسة في تعليمية اللغة الإنجليزية والترجمة</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330969">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330970">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330971">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7792" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="52">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115965">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="305416">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330912">
                <text>Sedikki, Aoussine</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330913">
                <text>2015-08-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330914">
                <text>The Scientific Research Workin the German as a Foreign Language Training in Algeria
This article sets itself the objective of dealing with some important avenues related to scientific research in the field of teaching German as a foreign language and to Germanic studies. Important recommendations concerning the organization of the content and form of bachelor's, master's and doctoral dissertations are presented. It is also a question of responding in particular to the needs of doctoral students. This article is intended as a practical guide to the content and form of scientific research work. Certainly it is not possible to cover all aspects of the research base in the scope of this brief investigation. However, I am convinced that the main points analyzed are of great importance when carrying out a scientific work.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330915">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330916">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/780</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330917">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v14i1.780</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330918">
                <text>deu</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330919">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330920">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/780/650</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330921">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 14 No 1 (2015): Traduction et Langues Volume: 14 Numéro: 01 / Août 2015; 217-222</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330922">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330923">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330924">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v14i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330925">
                <text>Research methodology</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330926">
                <text>methodological approach</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330927">
                <text>work schedule</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330928">
                <text>work plan</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330929">
                <text>training of  doctoral students</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330930">
                <text>research issues</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330931">
                <text>Research methodology</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330932">
                <text>methodological approach</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330933">
                <text>work schedule</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330934">
                <text>work plan</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330935">
                <text>training of doctoral students</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330936">
                <text>research issues</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330937">
                <text>Das wissenschaftliche Arbeiten  in der DaF-Ausbildung in Algerien</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330938">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330939">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330940">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7791" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="52">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115965">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="305416">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330887">
                <text>Bouassida, Maike</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330888">
                <text>2015-08-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330889">
                <text>The Linguistic Situation in The Maghreb: The Visibility of Languages through Tunisia as a Case Study
The written form of language is a wide field and so here the "visibility of languages" is limited to the aspect that languages are perceptible to the eyes, namely on signs. The relevant examples all come from the Maghrebi country of Tunisia. These are the undirectedly acquired languages, which primarily include Tunisian Arabic, Derya, and to a much lesser extent the Berber languages, Jewish Arabic and French, so that in Tunisia has a homogeneous language situation. In addition, there are the languages that are acquired in a controlled manner, which primarily includes written Arabic, the Fusha. This range of languages is supplemented by the foreign languages French and English as compulsory subjects. Chinese, German, Italian, Russian or Spanish is offered as a compulsory elective in the modern language branch. Thanks to its rich historical heritage and its educational system, Tunisia is linguistically diverse and the signs reflect this wealth in many different ways.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330890">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330891">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/779</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330892">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v14i1.779</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330893">
                <text>deu</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330894">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330895">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/779/651</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330896">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 14 No 1 (2015): Traduction et Langues Volume: 14 Numéro: 01 / Août 2015; 178-195</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330897">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330898">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330899">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v14i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330900">
                <text>linguistic diversity in Tunisia</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330901">
                <text>homogeneous linguistic situation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330902">
                <text>diglossia</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330903">
                <text>unilingual to  plurilingual signs and signs</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330904">
                <text>linguistic diversity in Tunia</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330905">
                <text>homogeneous linguistic situation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330906">
                <text>diglossia</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330907">
                <text>unilingual to purilingual signs and signs</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330908">
                <text>Die Sprachensituation im Kleinen Maghreb :  Die Sichtbarkeit der Sprachen am Beispiel von Tunesien</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330909">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330910">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330911">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7790" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="52">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115965">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="305416">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330865">
                <text>Hoadjli, Ahmed Chaouki</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330866">
                <text>Mehiri, Ramdane</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330867">
                <text>2015-08-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330868">
                <text>In this new Age of the digital technology, it is of tremendous importance for higher education in Algeria to work hard for the purpose to narrow the huge gap between the reality they face and live in and the potential of the new technologies in order to keep abreast with the standard norms of modern education. Undoubtedly, some uses of the digital technologies are quite promising but require substantial reorganisation and rethinking of the roles of the individuals and institutions. In the sphere of this problematic, in the present work, we purport to explain the gap between the existing, prevailing reality of the Algerian universities and the expectations of the effects of the digital technologies in the academic world of higher education. In precise terms, this paper will tackle the question of to which extent the Algerian universities are prepared to implement and use the new technologies as part of their current practices for the purposes they can serve, and discuss the challenges and problems the institutions in higher education are facing to place information and communication technologies as central to teaching and learning.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330869">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330870">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/778</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330871">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v14i1.778</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330872">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330873">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330874">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/778/648</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330875">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 14 No 1 (2015): Traduction et Langues Volume: 14 Numéro: 01 / Août 2015; 36-48</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330876">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330877">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330878">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v14i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330879">
                <text>digital technologies</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330880">
                <text>ICTs</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330881">
                <text>e-learning</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330882">
                <text>higher education</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330883">
                <text>The integration of e-learning in the Algerian tertiary level: The case of Biskra University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330884">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330885">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="330886">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
